Vidyā,knowledge that is learned

Courses

The Bhagavad Gītā word by word (701 verses), and 44courses that read a text verse by verse with sound: the Upaniṣads, Śaṅkara, the Devī texts, the sūtras and hymns of the Veda, and the sciences. The Sanskrit and the English are the corpus's own. Progress is kept on your device.

Bhagavad Gītā, word by word

Eighteen chapters, every verse with its words and their meanings.

ChapterNameVersesRead
1Arjuna-viṣāda-yogaThe despondency of Arjuna470/47
2Sāṅkhya-yogaThe yoga of knowledge720/72
3Karma-yogaThe yoga of action430/43
4Jñāna-karma-sannyāsa-yogaKnowledge, action and renunciation420/42
5Karma-sannyāsa-yogaRenunciation of action290/29
6Dhyāna-yogaThe yoga of meditation470/47
7Jñāna-vijñāna-yogaKnowledge and realisation300/30
8Akṣara-brahma-yogaThe imperishable Brahman280/28
9Rāja-vidyā-rāja-guhya-yogaThe royal knowledge, the royal secret340/34
10Vibhūti-yogaThe divine glories420/42
11Viśvarūpa-darśana-yogaThe vision of the cosmic form550/55
12Bhakti-yogaThe yoga of devotion200/20
13Kṣetra-kṣetrajña-vibhāga-yogaThe field and its knower350/35
14Guṇa-traya-vibhāga-yogaThe three qualities270/27
15Puruṣottama-yogaThe supreme person200/20
16Daivāsura-sampad-vibhāga-yogaThe divine and the demoniac240/24
17Śraddhā-traya-vibhāga-yogaThe three kinds of faith280/28
18Mokṣa-sannyāsa-yogaLiberation through renunciation780/78

Upaniṣads

  • Īśa Upaniṣad18 verses, 2 sittings, with English

    Eighteen mantras, beginning “all this is to be covered by the Lord”.

  • Kena Upaniṣad34 verses, 4 sittings, with English

    By whom is the mind sent out to its objects? Four short parts.

  • Kaṭha Upaniṣad119 verses, 6 sittings, with English

    The boy Nachiketas asks Death what lies beyond death. Six vallīs.

  • Muṇḍaka Upaniṣad64 verses, 6 sittings, with English

    The higher and the lower knowledge; the two birds on one tree; “the true prevails”.

  • Praśna Upaniṣad67 verses, 6 sittings, English in part

    Six seekers bring six questions to the sage Pippalāda.

  • Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad12 verses, 1 sitting, Sanskrit only

    Twelve mantras on Om and the four states of the Self.

  • Taittirīya Upaniṣad28 verses, 3 sittings, Sanskrit only

    Three vallīs; the first holds the teacher's parting instruction to a student (1.11).

  • Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad113 verses, 6 sittings, English in part

    Six chapters on the one who rules all, seen through yoga and devotion.

  • Aitareya Upaniṣad33 verses, 5 sittings, English in part

    Creation from the Self, and “consciousness is Brahman”.

  • Chāndogya Upaniṣad622 verses, 154 sittings, English in part

    Eight chapters, among them Uddālaka's teaching to Śvetaketu: “that thou art”.

  • Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad440 verses, 47 sittings, English in part

    The great forest teaching: Yājñavalkya with Maitreyī, with Gārgī, with King Janaka.

Śaṅkara

  • Bhaja Govindam33 verses, 3 sittings, Sanskrit only

    Thirty-three verses, traditionally ascribed to Śaṅkara, that begin “worship Govinda”.

  • Ātmabodha65 verses, 6 sittings, Sanskrit only

    A short treatise on knowledge of the Self, in simple images.

  • Nirvāṇa-ṣaṭkam6 verses, 1 sitting, Sanskrit only

    Six verses, each ending “I am Śiva, I am Śiva”.

  • Dakṣiṇāmūrti-stotra10 verses, 1 sitting, Sanskrit only

    Ten verses to the teacher who teaches in silence.

  • Vivekacūḍāmaṇi578 verses, 1 sitting, Sanskrit only

    The crest-jewel of discrimination: a long dialogue of teacher and student.

  • Aparokṣānubhūti144 verses, 12 sittings, Sanskrit only

    On direct experience of the Self, in 144 verses.

  • Praśnottara-ratnamālikā67 verses, 6 sittings, Sanskrit only

    A garland of questions and answers on how to live.

  • Daśaślokī10 verses, 1 sitting, Sanskrit only

    Ten verses on what the Self is not, and is.

  • Vākyavṛtti53 verses, 5 sittings, Sanskrit only

    An explanation of the great sentence “that thou art”.

Devī

  • Devī Māhātmya (Durgā Saptaśatī)587 verses, 13 sittings, Sanskrit only

    The glory of the Goddess in thirteen chapters, held here as chapters 81–93 of the Mārkaṇḍeya Purāṇa.

  • Lalitā Sahasranāma234 verses, 3 sittings, Sanskrit only

    The thousand names of Lalitā, with the verses that introduce them.

  • Saundaryalaharī103 verses, 9 sittings, Sanskrit only

    The wave of beauty: a hundred verses to the Goddess, traditionally ascribed to Śaṅkara.

  • Devī-sūkta31 verses, 1 sitting, Sanskrit only

    “Salutation to the Goddess, the great Goddess”: the hymn of the Devī Māhātmya's fifth chapter.

  • Śrī-sūkta59 verses, 2 sittings, Sanskrit only

    The hymn to Śrī, Lakṣmī.

  • Devī-atharvaśīrṣa26 verses, 3 sittings, Sanskrit only

    The gods ask the Goddess who she is, and she answers.

  • Kanakadhārā-stotra22 verses, 2 sittings, Sanskrit only

    The hymn of the shower of gold, to Lakṣmī.

Sūtras and hymns

  • Patañjali's Yoga-sūtra195 verses, 4 sittings, Sanskrit only

    195 sūtras in four parts, beginning “yoga is the stilling of the movements of the mind”.

  • Nārada Bhakti-sūtra83 verses, 7 sittings, Sanskrit only

    Eighty-four sūtras on devotion.

  • Viṣṇu Sahasranāma170 verses, 4 sittings, Sanskrit only

    The thousand names of Viṣṇu, from the Mahābhārata.

  • Pañcadaśī1,536 verses, 15 sittings, Sanskrit only

    Vidyāraṇya's fifteen chapters of Advaita Vedānta.

Veda

  • Hymns of the Ṛgveda136 verses, 10 sittings, English in part

    Ten well-known hymns, with Griffith's English where it aligns.

  • Hymns of the Atharvaveda93 verses, 5 sittings, English in part

    Hymns for the household and for peace of mind, with Whitney's English where it aligns.

  • The Sāmaveda201 verses, 5 sittings, English in part

    The Veda of chant: its opening to Agni, its hymns to Indra and to Soma, and its closing blessing — most of it read through Griffith's Ṛgveda, where the same verse stands.

  • The Yajurveda for daily life187 verses, 5 sittings, English in part

    Chapters of the White Yajurveda that are still recited: the hymn to the mind, the Rudra hymn, the Puruṣa hymn, the peace chapter and the Īśa — Sanskrit, with Griffith's Ṛgveda English where the verse is the same.

  • Taittirīya Āraṇyaka139 verses, 6 sittings, Sanskrit only

    The forest book of the Black Yajurveda, in six prapāṭhakas; the five daily offerings stand at 2.10.

Śāstra: the sciences

  • Cāṇakya-nīti299 verses, 15 sittings, Sanskrit only

    Fifteen chapters of maxims on conduct, friendship, learning and wealth, traditionally ascribed to Cāṇakya. Sanskrit only.

  • Baudhāyana Śulba-sūtra285 verses, 21 sittings, Sanskrit only

    The geometry of the fire-altar: cords, squares and their diagonals, in twenty-one khaṇḍas. Sanskrit only.

  • Vedāṅga-jyotiṣa80 verses, 2 sittings, Sanskrit only

    The oldest Indian text on the calendar: the five-year cycle of sun and moon, and “mathematics stands at the head of the sciences” (2.4). Sanskrit only.

  • Āryabhaṭīya121 verses, 4 sittings, Sanskrit only

    Āryabhaṭa's astronomy of 499 CE, in 121 verses; the words are separated as in the edition. Sanskrit only.

  • Caraka on living well446 verses, 6 sittings, Sanskrit only

    Six chapters of the Caraka-saṃhitā's Sūtra-sthāna: what Āyurveda is, eating in measure, the seasons, right conduct, the three desires, and what medicine is for. Sanskrit only; a document of the history of medicine, not medical advice.

  • Mātaṅgalīlā: the play of elephants253 verses, 12 sittings, Sanskrit only

    Nīlakaṇṭha's twelve chapters on elephants — their origin, marks, ages, moods, capture, daily and seasonal care, and the mahout. Read for HREEM from the 1910 Trivandrum edition's page images; not yet proofread by a person.

  • Gheraṇḍa-saṃhitā367 verses, 7 sittings, Sanskrit only

    Seven lessons of haṭha-yoga: cleansing, postures, seals, withdrawal, breath, meditation, absorption. Sanskrit only.

  • The wedding, in the Āśvalāyana Gṛhya-sūtra44 verses, 4 sittings, Sanskrit only

    How a household's rites were performed: the wooing, the forms of marriage, the ceremony with its seven steps, and the first days in the new home. Sanskrit only.

The Sanskrit alphabet

अ आ इ ई उ ऊ

The alphabet is arranged by where in the mouth each sound is made — throat, palate, tongue, teeth, lips. Learn it that way, by ear, and Devanagari stops being a code.

Open the alphabet

A first vocabulary

The words that recur most across the Gītā's glosses. Learn these and half of every verse opens.

  • chaand
  • evacertainly
  • ahamI
  • apialso
  • māmme
  • tatthat
  • saḥthat
  • yatbecause
  • itithus
  • yaḥone who
  • karmareward-seeking actions
  • tathāthus
  • idamthis
  • pārthaArjun, the son of Pritha
  • asmiI am
  • tvamyou
  • jñānamknowledge
  • uchyateis said
  • śhrī-bhagavānuvāchathe Supreme Lord said
  • manaḥmind
  • evamthus
  • tasmāthence
  • etatthis
  • paramafter