Library·Chāndogya Upaniṣad·4·4.10

Chāndogya Upaniṣad 4.10

उपकोसलो ह वै कामलायनः सत्यकामे जाबाले ब्रह्मचार्यम् उवास । तस्य ह द्वादश वार्षान्य् अग्नीन् परिचचार । स ह स्मान्यान् अन्तेवासिनः समावर्तयंस् तं ह स्मैव न समावर्तयति

upakosalo ha vai kāmalāyanaḥ satyakāme jābāle brahmacāryam uvāsa | tasya ha dvādaśa vārṣāny agnīn paricacāra | sa ha smānyān antevāsinaḥ samāvartayaṃs taṃ ha smaiva na samāvartayati

Upakosala Kâmalâyana dwelt as a Brahmakârin (religious student) in the house of Satyakâma Gâbâla. He tended his fires for twelve years. But the teacher, though he allowed other pupils (after they had learnt the sacred books) to depart to their own homes, did not allow Upakosala to depart.

Translated by F. Max Müller

तं जायोवाच तप्तो ब्रह्मचारी कुशलम् अग्नीन् परिचचारीत् । मा त्वा अग्नयः परिप्रवोचन् । प्रब्रूह्य् अस्मा इति । तस्मै हाप्रोच्यैव प्रवासां चक्रे

taṃ jāyovāca tapto brahmacārī kuśalam agnīn paricacārīt | mā tvā agnayaḥ paripravocan | prabrūhy asmā iti | tasmai hāprocyaiva pravāsāṃ cakre

Then his wife said to him: 'This student, who is quite exhausted (with austerities), has carefully tended your fires. Let not the fires themselves blame you, but teach him.' The teacher, however, went away on a journey without having taught him.

Translated by F. Max Müller

स ह व्याधिना अनशितुं दध्रे । तम् आचार्यजाया उवाच ब्रह्मचारिन्न् अशान । किं नु न अश्नासि इति । स ह उवाच बहव इमे ऽस्मिन् पुरुषे कामा नानात्यायाः । व्याधीभीः प्रतिपूर्णो ऽस्मि । न अस्।इष्यामि इति

sa ha vyādhinā anaśituṃ dadhre | tam ācāryajāyā uvāca brahmacārinn aśāna | kiṃ nu na aśnāsi iti | sa ha uvāca bahava ime 'smin puruṣe kāmā nānātyāyāḥ | vyādhībhīḥ pratipūrṇo 'smi | na as/iṣyāmi iti

The student from sorrow was not able to eat. Then the wife of the teacher said to him: 'Student, eat! Why do you not eat?' He said: 'There are many desires in this man here, which lose themselves in different directions. I am full of sorrows, and shall take no food.'

Translated by F. Max Müller

अथ हाग्नयः समूदिरे । तप्तो ब्रह्मचारी कुशलं नः पर्यचारीत् । हन्तास्मै प्रब्रवामेति तस्मै होचुः । प्राणो ब्रह्म कं ब्रह्म खं ब्रह्मेति

atha hāgnayaḥ samūdire | tapto brahmacārī kuśalaṃ naḥ paryacārīt | hantāsmai prabravāmeti tasmai hocuḥ | prāṇo brahma kaṃ brahma khaṃ brahmeti

Thereupon the fires said among themselves: 'This student, who is quite exhausted, has carefully tended us. Well, let us teach him.' They said to him:

Translated by F. Max Müller

स होवाच । विजानाम्य् अहं यत् प्राणो ब्रह्म । कं च तु खं च न विजानामीति । ते होचुः । यद् वाव कं तद् एव खम् । यद् एव खं तद् एव कम् इति । प्राणं च हास्मै तद् आकाशं चोचुः

sa hovāca | vijānāmy ahaṃ yat prāṇo brahma | kaṃ ca tu khaṃ ca na vijānāmīti | te hocuḥ | yad vāva kaṃ tad eva kham | yad eva khaṃ tad eva kam iti | prāṇaṃ ca hāsmai tad ākāśaṃ cocuḥ

'Breath is Brahman, Ka (pleasure) is Brahman, Kha (ether) is Brahman.' He said: 'I understand that breath is Brahman, but I do not understand Ka or Kha.' They said: 'What is Ka is Kha, what is Kha is Ka.' They therefore taught him Brahman as breath, and as the ether (in the heart).

Translated by F. Max Müller