Library·Atharvaveda Saṃhitā (Śaunaka)·10·10.2

Atharvaveda Saṃhitā (Śaunaka) 10.2

केन पार्ष्णी आभृते पूरुषस्य केन मांसं संभृतं केन गुल्फौ । केनाङ्गुलीः पेशनीः केन खानि केनोच्छ्लङ्खौ मध्यतः कः प्रतिष्ठाम् ॥१॥

kena pārṣṇī ābhṛte pūruṣasya kena māṃsaṃ saṃbhṛtaṃ kena gulphau | kenāṅgulīḥ peśanīḥ kena khāni kenocchlaṅkhau madhyataḥ kaḥ pratiṣṭhām ||1||

By whom were brought the two heels of a man (púruṣa)? by whom was his flesh put together? by whom his two ankle-joints (gulphá)? by whom his cunning (péçana) fingers? by whom his apertures? by whom his (two) uchlakhás in the midst? who [put together] his footing (pratiṣṭhā́)?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

कस्मान् नु गुल्फाव् अधराव् अकृण्वन्न् अष्ठीवन्ताव् उत्तरौ पुरुषस्य । जङ्घे निरृत्य न्य् अदधुः क्व स्विज् जानुनोः संधी क उ तच् चिकेत ॥२॥

kasmān nu gulphāv adharāv akṛṇvann aṣṭhīvantāv uttarau puruṣasya | jaṅghe nirṛtya ny adadhuḥ kva svij jānunoḥ saṃdhī ka u tac ciketa ||2||

From what, now, did they make a man's two ankle-joints below, his two knee-joints above? separating (? nir-ṛ) his two back-thighs (ján̄ghā), where, forsooth, did they set them in? the two joints of his knees—who indeed understands (cit) that?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

चतुष्टयं युजते संहितान्तं जानुभ्याम् ऊर्ध्वं शिथिरं कबन्धम् । श्रोणी यद् ऊरू क उ तज् जजान याभ्यां कुसिन्धं सुदृढं बभूव ॥३॥

catuṣṭayaṃ yujate saṃhitāntaṃ jānubhyām ūrdhvaṃ śithiraṃ kabandham | śroṇī yad ūrū ka u taj jajāna yābhyāṃ kusindhaṃ sudṛḍhaṃ babhūva ||3||

There is joined, fourfold (cátuṣṭaya), with closed (sáṁhita-) ends, above the two knees, the pliant (çithirá) trunk; what the hips are, the thighs—who indeed produced (jan) that, by which the body (kúsindha) became very firm?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

कति देवाः कतमे त आसन् य उरो ग्रीवाश् चिक्युः पुरुषस्य । कति स्तनौ व्य् अदधुः कः कफोदौ कति स्कन्धान् कति पृष्टीर् अचिन्वन् ॥४॥

kati devāḥ katame ta āsan ya uro grīvāś cikyuḥ puruṣasya | kati stanau vy adadhuḥ kaḥ kaphodau kati skandhān kati pṛṣṭīr acinvan ||4||

How many gods [and] which were they, who gathered (ci) the breast, the neck-bones of man? how many disposed the two teats? who the two collar-bones (? kaphoḍá)? how many gathered the shoulder-bones (pl.)? how many the ribs?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

को अस्य बाहू सम् अभरद् वीर्यां करवाद् इति । अंसौ को अस्य तद् देवः कुसिन्धे अध्य् आ दधौ ॥५॥

ko asya bāhū sam abharad vīryāṃ karavād iti | aṃsau ko asya tad devaḥ kusindhe adhy ā dadhau ||5||

Who brought together his two arms, saying "he must perform heroism"? what god then set on his two shoulders upon the body (kúsindha)?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

कः सप्त खानि वि ततर्द शीर्षणि कर्णाव् इमौ नासिके चक्षणी मुखम् । येषां पुरुत्रा विजयस्य मह्ननि चतुष्पादो द्विपदो यन्ति यामम् ॥६॥

kaḥ sapta khāni vi tatarda śīrṣaṇi karṇāv imau nāsike cakṣaṇī mukham | yeṣāṃ purutrā vijayasya mahnani catuṣpādo dvipado yanti yāmam ||6||

Who bored out the seven apertures in his head—these ears, the nostrils, the eyes, the mouth? in the might of whose conquest (vijayá) in many places quadrupeds [and] bipeds go their way.

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

हन्वोर् हि जिह्वाम् अदधात् पुरूचीम् अधा महीम् अधि शिश्राय वाचम् । स आ वरीवर्ति भुवनेष्व् अन्तर् अपो वसानः क उ तच् चिकेत ॥७॥

hanvor hi jihvām adadhāt purūcīm adhā mahīm adhi śiśrāya vācam | sa ā varīvarti bhuvaneṣv antar apo vasānaḥ ka u tac ciketa ||7||

Since in his jaws he put his ample (purūcī́) tongue, then attached (adhi-çri) [to it] great voice; he rolls greatly on among existences, clothing himself in the waters: who indeed understands that?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

मस्तिष्कम् अस्य यतमो ललातं ककाटिकां प्रथमो यः कपालम् । चित्वा चित्यं हन्वोः पूरुषस्य दिवं रुरोह कतमः स देवः ॥८॥

mastiṣkam asya yatamo lalātaṃ kakāṭikāṃ prathamo yaḥ kapālam | citvā cityaṃ hanvoḥ pūruṣasya divaṃ ruroha katamaḥ sa devaḥ ||8||

Which was that god who [produced] his brain, his forehead, his hindhead (? kakā́ṭikā), who first his skull, who, having gathered a gathering in man's jaws, ascended to heaven?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

प्रियाप्रियाणि बहुला स्वप्नं संबाधतन्द्यः । आनन्दान् उग्रो नन्दांश् च कस्माद् वहति पूरुषः ॥९॥

priyāpriyāṇi bahulā svapnaṃ saṃbādhatandyaḥ | ānandān ugro nandāṃś ca kasmād vahati pūruṣaḥ ||9||

Numerous things dear and not dear, sleep, oppressions and wearinesses, delights and pleasures—from where does formidable man bring (vah) them?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

आर्तिर् अवर्तिर् निरृतिः कुतो नु पुरुषे ऽमतिः । राद्धिः समृद्धिर् अव्यृद्धिर् मतिर् उदितयः कुतः ॥१०॥ ४

ārtir avartir nirṛtiḥ kuto nu puruṣe 'matiḥ | rāddhiḥ samṛddhir avyṛddhir matir uditayaḥ kutaḥ ||10|| 4

Whence now in man [come] mishap, ruin, perdition, misery, accomplishment, success, non-failure? whence thought (matí), uprisings (úditi)?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

को अस्मिन्न् आपो व्य् अदधात् विषूवृतः पुरूवृतः सिन्धुसृत्याय जाताः । तीव्रा अरुणा लोहिनीस् ताम्रधूम्रा ऊर्ध्वा अवाचीः पुरुषे तिरश्चीः ॥११॥

ko asminn āpo vy adadhāt viṣūvṛtaḥ purūvṛtaḥ sindhusṛtyāya jātāḥ | tīvrā aruṇā lohinīs tāmradhūmrā ūrdhvā avācīḥ puruṣe tiraścīḥ ||11||

Who disposed in him waters, moving apart, much moving, produced for river-running, strong (tīvrá), ruddy, red, dark and turbid, upward, downward, crosswise in man?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

को अस्मिन् रूपम् अदधात् को मह्मानं च नाम च । गातुं को अस्मिन् कः केतुं कश् चरित्रानि पुरुषे ॥१२॥

ko asmin rūpam adadhāt ko mahmānaṃ ca nāma ca | gātuṃ ko asmin kaḥ ketuṃ kaś caritrāni puruṣe ||12||

Who set form in him? who both bulk (mahmán) and name? who [set] in him progress (gātú)? who display (ketú)? who [set] behaviors (carítra) in man?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

को अस्मिन् प्राणं अवयत् को अपानं व्यानम् उ । समानम् अस्मिन् को देवो ऽधि शिश्राय पुरुषे ॥१३॥

ko asmin prāṇaṃ avayat ko apānaṃ vyānam u | samānam asmin ko devo 'dhi śiśrāya puruṣe ||13||

Who wove in him breath? who expiration and respiration (vyāná)? what god attached (adhi-çri) conspiration (samāná) to man here?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

को अस्मिन् यज्ञम् अदधाद् एको देवो ऽधि पुरुषे । को अस्मिन्त् सत्यं को ऽनृतं कुतो मृत्युः कुतो ऽमृतम् ॥१४॥

ko asmin yajñam adadhād eko devo 'dhi puruṣe | ko asmint satyaṃ ko 'nṛtaṃ kuto mṛtyuḥ kuto 'mṛtam ||14||

What one god set sacrifice in man here? who [set] in him truth? who untruth? whence [comes] death? whence the immortal?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

को अस्मै वासः पर्य् अदधात् को अस्यायुर् अकल्पयत् । बलं को अस्मै प्रायछत् को अस्याकल्पयज् जवम् ॥१५॥

ko asmai vāsaḥ pary adadhāt ko asyāyur akalpayat | balaṃ ko asmai prāyachat ko asyākalpayaj javam ||15||

Who put about him clothing (vā́sas)? who prepared (kalpay-) his life-time? who extended to him strength? who prepared his swiftness?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

केनापो अन्व् अतनुत केनाहर् अकरोद् रुचे । उषसं केनान्व् ऐन्द्ध केन सायंभवं ददे ॥१६॥

kenāpo anv atanuta kenāhar akarod ruce | uṣasaṃ kenānv ainddha kena sāyaṃbhavaṃ dade ||16||

With what did he stretch the waters along? with what did he make the day to shine? with what did he kindle (anu-idh) the dawn? with what did he give the coming-on of evening?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

को अस्मिन् रेतो न्य् अदधात् तन्तुर् आ तायताम् इति । मेधां को अस्मिन्न् अध्य् औहत् को बाणं को नृतो दधौ ॥१७॥

ko asmin reto ny adadhāt tantur ā tāyatām iti | medhāṃ ko asminn adhy auhat ko bāṇaṃ ko nṛto dadhau ||17||

Who put in him seed, saying "let his line be extended"? who conveyed into him wisdom? who gave (dhā) [him] music? who dances?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

केनेमां भूमिम् और्णोत् केन पर्य् अभवद् दिवम् । केनाभि मह्ना पर्वतान् केन कर्माणि पुरुषः ॥१८॥

kenemāṃ bhūmim aurṇot kena pary abhavad divam | kenābhi mahnā parvatān kena karmāṇi puruṣaḥ ||18||

With what did he cover this earth? with what did he surround the sky? by what is man a match for (abhí) mountains in greatness? by what, for deeds?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

केन पर्जन्यम् अन्व् एति केन सोमं विचक्षणम् । केन यज्ञम् च श्रद्धां च केनास्मिन् निहितं मनः ॥१९॥

kena parjanyam anv eti kena somaṃ vicakṣaṇam | kena yajñam ca śraddhāṃ ca kenāsmin nihitaṃ manaḥ ||19||

With what does he go after Parjanya? with what [after] the out-looking Soma? with what [after] both sacrifice and faith? by whom was mind put in him?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

केन श्रोत्रियम् आप्नोति केनेमं परमेष्ठिनम् । केनेमम् अग्निं पूरुषः केन संवत्सरं ममे ॥२०॥ ५

kena śrotriyam āpnoti kenemaṃ parameṣṭhinam | kenemam agniṃ pūruṣaḥ kena saṃvatsaraṃ mame ||20|| 5

Wherewith does he obtain one learned in revelation (çrótriya)? wherewith this most exalted one? wherewith does man [obtain] this Agni? wherewith did he measure (make?) the year?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

ब्रह्म श्रोत्रियम् आप्नोति ब्रह्मेमं परमेष्ठिनम् । ब्रह्मेमम् अग्निं पूरुषो ब्रह्म संवत्सरं ममे ॥२१॥

brahma śrotriyam āpnoti brahmemaṃ parameṣṭhinam | brahmemam agniṃ pūruṣo brahma saṃvatsaraṃ mame ||21||

The bráhman obtains one learned in revelation, the bráhman this most exalted one; the bráhman [as] man this Agni; the bráhman measured the year.

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

केन देवां अनु क्षियति केन दैवजनीर् विशः । केनेदम् अन्यन् नक्षत्रं केन सत् क्षत्रम् उच्यते ॥२२॥

kena devāṃ anu kṣiyati kena daivajanīr viśaḥ | kenedam anyan nakṣatraṃ kena sat kṣatram ucyate ||22||

Wherewith does he dwell upon (? anu-kṣi) the gods? wherewith [upon] the people of the god-folk? wherewith this other asterism? whereby is authority (kṣatrá) called real (sát)?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

ब्रह्म देवां अनु क्षियति ब्रह्म दैवजनीर् विशः । ब्रह्मेदम् अन्यन् नक्षत्रं ब्रह्म सत् क्षत्रम् उच्यते ॥२३॥

brahma devāṃ anu kṣiyati brahma daivajanīr viśaḥ | brahmedam anyan nakṣatraṃ brahma sat kṣatram ucyate ||23||

The bráhman dwells upon the gods, the bráhman [upon] the people of the god-folk; the bráhman this other asterism; the bráhman is called real authority.

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

केनेयं भूमिर् विहिता केन द्यौर् उत्तरा हिता । केनेदम् ऊर्ध्वं तिर्यक् चान्तरिक्षम् व्यचो हितम् ॥२४॥

keneyaṃ bhūmir vihitā kena dyaur uttarā hitā | kenedam ūrdhvaṃ tiryak cāntarikṣam vyaco hitam ||24||

By whom is this earth disposed? by whom the sky set above? by whom this atmosphere, the expanse, set aloft and across?

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

ब्रह्मणा भूमिर् विहिता ब्रह्म द्यौर् उत्तरा हिता । ब्रह्मेदम् ऊर्ध्वं तिर्यक् चान्तरिक्षं व्यचो हितम् ॥२५॥

brahmaṇā bhūmir vihitā brahma dyaur uttarā hitā | brahmedam ūrdhvaṃ tiryak cāntarikṣaṃ vyaco hitam ||25||

By the bráhman is the earth disposed; the bráhman [is] the sky set above, the bráhman this atmosphere, the expanse, set aloft and across.

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

मूर्धानम् अस्य संसीव्याथर्वा हृदयं च यत् । मस्तिष्काद् ऊर्ध्वः प्रैरयत् पवमानो ऽधि शीर्षतः ॥२६॥

mūrdhānam asya saṃsīvyātharvā hṛdayaṃ ca yat | mastiṣkād ūrdhvaḥ prairayat pavamāno 'dhi śīrṣataḥ ||26||

Atharvan, having sewed together his head, and also (yát) his heart—aloft from the brain the purifying one sent [them] forth, out of the head.

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

तद् वा अथर्वणः शिरो देवकोशः समुब्जितः । तत् प्राणो अभि रक्षति शिरो अन्नम् अथो मनः ॥२७॥

tad vā atharvaṇaḥ śiro devakośaḥ samubjitaḥ | tat prāṇo abhi rakṣati śiro annam atho manaḥ ||27||

Verily that head of Atharvan [is] a god-vessel, pressed together; breath defends that, the head, food, also mind.

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

ऊर्ध्वो नु सृष्टा३स् तिर्यङ् नु सृष्टा३स् सर्वा दिशः पुरुष आ बभूवा३ं । पुरं यो ब्रह्मणो वेद यस्याः पुरुष उच्यते ॥२८॥

ūrdhvo nu sṛṣṭā3s tiryaṅ nu sṛṣṭā3s sarvā diśaḥ puruṣa ā babhūvā3ṃ | puraṃ yo brahmaṇo veda yasyāḥ puruṣa ucyate ||28||

Was he now created upward (ūrdhvá)? [or] was he now created crosswise? did man grow unto (ā-bhū) all the quarters?—he who knoweth the bráhman's stronghold, from which man is [so] called.

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

यो वै तां ब्रह्मणो वेदामृतेनावृतां पुरम् । तस्मै ब्रह्म च ब्राह्माश् च चक्षुः प्राणं प्रजां ददुः ॥२९॥

yo vai tāṃ brahmaṇo vedāmṛtenāvṛtāṃ puram | tasmai brahma ca brāhmāś ca cakṣuḥ prāṇaṃ prajāṃ daduḥ ||29||

Whoever indeed knoweth that bráhman's stronghold, covered with amṛ́ta —unto him both the bráhman and the Brahmans have given sight, breath, progeny.

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

न वै तम् चक्षुर् जहाति न प्राणो जरसः पुरा । पुरं यो ब्रह्मणो वेद यस्याः पुरुष उच्यते ॥३०॥

na vai tam cakṣur jahāti na prāṇo jarasaḥ purā | puraṃ yo brahmaṇo veda yasyāḥ puruṣa ucyate ||30||

Him verily sight doth not desert, nor breath, before old age, who knoweth the bráhman's stronghold (púr), from which man (púruṣa) is [so] called.

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

अष्टाचक्रा नवद्वारा देवानां पूर् अयोध्या । तस्यां हिरण्ययः कोशः स्वर्गो ज्योतिषावृतः ॥३१॥

aṣṭācakrā navadvārā devānāṃ pūr ayodhyā | tasyāṃ hiraṇyayaḥ kośaḥ svargo jyotiṣāvṛtaḥ ||31||

Eight-wheeled, nine-doored, is the impregnable stronghold of the gods; in that is a golden vessel, heaven-going (svargá), covered with light.

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

तस्मिन् हिरण्यये कोशे त्र्यरे त्रिप्रतिष्ठिते । तस्मिन् यद् यक्षम् आत्मन्वत् तद् वै ब्रह्मविदो विदुः ॥३२॥

tasmin hiraṇyaye kośe tryare tripratiṣṭhite | tasmin yad yakṣam ātmanvat tad vai brahmavido viduḥ ||32||

In that golden vessel, three-spoked, having three supports—what soul-possessing monster (yakṣá) there is in it, that verily the knowers of the bráhman know.

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)

प्रभ्राजमानां हरिणीं यशसा संपरीवृताम् । पुरं हिरण्ययीं ब्रह्मा विवेशापराजिताम् ॥३३॥ ६

prabhrājamānāṃ hariṇīṃ yaśasā saṃparīvṛtām | puraṃ hiraṇyayīṃ brahmā viveśāparājitām ||33|| 6

The bráhman entered into the resplendent, yellow, golden, unconquered stronghold, that was all surrounded with glory.

Translated by William Dwight Whitney (1905)