Manu-Smrti 3

सायं त्व् अन्नस्य सिद्धस्य पत्न्य् अमन्त्रं बलिं हरेत्) । वैश्वदेवं हि नाम-एतत् सायं प्रातर् विधीयते) ॥

sāyaṃ tv annasya siddhasya patny a.mantraṃ baliṃ haret) | vaiśvadevaṃ hi nāma-etat sāyaṃ prātar vidhīyate) ||

But the wife shall offer in the evening (a portion) of the dressed food as a Bali-oblation, without (the recitation of) sacred formulas; for that (rite which is called the) Vaisvadeva is prescribed both for the morning and the evening.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.122

पितृयज्ञं तु निर्वर्त्य) विप्रश् चन्द्रक्षये ऽअग्निमान् । [क्:च-इन्दुक्षये ] पिण्डान्वाहार्यकं श्राद्धं कुर्यान्) मासअनुमासिकम् ॥

pitṛyajñaṃ tu nirvartya) vipraś candrakṣaye 'agnimān | [K:ca-indukṣaye ] piṇḍānvāhāryakaṃ śrāddhaṃ kuryān) māsa.anumāsikam ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.123

पित्क़्णां मासिकं श्राद्धम् अन्वाहार्यं विदुर्) बुधाः । तच् च-आमिषेणा कर्तव्यं) प्रशस्तेन प्रयत्नतः ॥

pitqṇāṃ māsikaṃ śrāddham anvāhāryaṃ vidur) budhāḥ | tac ca-āmiṣeṇā kartavyaṃ) praśastena prayatnataḥ ||

The wise call the monthly funeral offering to the manes Anvaharya (to be offered after the

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Manu 3.124

तत्र ये भोजनीयाः स्युर्) ये च वर्ज्या द्विजोत्तमाः । यावन्तश् च-एव यैश् च-अन्नैस् तान् प्रवक्ष्याम्य्) अशेषतः ॥

tatra ye bhojanīyāḥ syur) ye ca varjyā dvijottamāḥ | yāvantaś ca-eva yaiś ca-annais tān pravakṣyāmy) aśeṣataḥ ||

I will fully declare what and how many Brāhmaṇas must be fed on that (occasion), who must be avoided, and on what kinds of food (they shall dine).

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Manu 3.125

द्वौ दैवे पितृकार्ये त्रीन् एकैकम् उभयत्र वा । [म्पितृकृत्ये] भोजयेत् सुसमृद्धो ऽअपि न प्रसज्जेत विस्तरे ॥ [म्न प्रवर्तेत]

dvau daive pitṛkārye trīn ekaikam ubhayatra vā | [M.pitṛkṛtye] bhojayet su.samṛddho 'api na prasajjeta vistare || [M.na pravarteta]

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.126

सत्क्रियां देशकालौ च शौचं ब्राह्मणसंपदः । पञ्च-एतान् विस्तरो हन्ति) तस्मान् न-ईहेत) विस्तरम् ॥

satkriyāṃ deśa.kālau ca śaucaṃ brāhmaṇasaṃpadaḥ | pañca-etān vistaro hanti) tasmān na-īheta) vistaram ||

A large company destroys these five (advantages), the respectful treatment (of the invited, the propriety of) place and time, purity and (the selection of) virtuous Brāhmaṇa (guests); he therefore shall not seek (to entertain) a large company.

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Manu 3.127

प्रथिता) प्रेतकृत्या-एषा पित्र्यं नाम विधुक्षये । तस्मिन् युक्तस्य-एति) नित्यं प्रेतकृत्या-एव लौकिकी ॥

prathitā) pretakṛtyā-eṣā pitryaṃ nāma vidhukṣaye | tasmin yuktasya-eti) nityaṃ pretakṛtyā-eva laukikī ||

Famed is this rite for the dead, called (the sacrifice sacred to the manes (and performed) on the new-moon day; if a man is diligent in (performing) that, (the reward of) the rite for the dead, which is performed according to Smarta rules, reaches him constantly.

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Manu 3.128

श्रोत्रियाय-एव देयानि) हव्यकव्यानि दातृभिः । अर्हत्तमाय विप्राय तस्मै दत्तं) महाफलम् ॥

śrotriyāya-eva deyāni) havya.kavyāni dātṛbhiḥ | arhattamāya viprāya tasmai dattaṃ) mahāphalam ||

Oblations to the gods and manes must be presented by the givers to a 6Yotriya alone; what is given to such a most worthy Brāhmaṇa yields great reward.

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Manu 3.129

एकैकम् अपि विद्वांसं दैवे पित्र्ये च भोजयेत्) । [म्भोजयन्] पुष्कलं फलम् आप्नोति) न-अमन्त्रज्ञान् बहून् अपि ॥

ekaikam api vidvāṃsaṃ daive pitrye ca bhojayet) | [M.bhojayan] puṣkalaṃ phalam āpnoti) na-amantrajñān bahūn api ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.130

दूराद् एव परीक्षेत) ब्राह्मणं वेदपारगम् । तीर्थं तद्द् हव्यकव्यानां प्रदाने सो ऽअतिथिः स्मृतः) ॥

dūrād eva parīkṣeta) brāhmaṇaṃ vedapāragam | tīrthaṃ tadd havya.kavyānāṃ pradāne so 'atithiḥ smṛtaḥ) ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.131

सहस्रं हि सहस्राणाम् अनृचां यत्र भुञ्जते) । एकस् तान् मन्त्रवित् प्रीतः सर्वान् अर्हति) धर्मतः ॥

sahasraṃ hi sahasrāṇām an.ṛcāṃ yatra bhuñjate) | ekas tān mantravit prītaḥ sarvān arhati) dharmataḥ ||

Though a million of men, unacquainted with the i?z'/£as, were to dine at a (funeral sacrifice), yet a single man, learned in the Veda, who is satisfied (with his entertainment), is worth them all as far as the (production of) spiritual merit (is concerned).

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Manu 3.132

ज्ञानौत्कृष्टाय देयानि) कव्यानि च हवींषि च । न हि हस्ताव् असृग्दिग्धौ रुधिरेण-एव शुध्यतः) ॥

jñāna.utkṛṣṭāya deyāni) kavyāni ca havīṃṣi ca | na hi hastāv asṛgdigdhau rudhireṇa-eva śudhyataḥ) ||

Food sacred to the manes or to the gods must be given to a man distinguished by sacred or in the house, i.e. to be performed by householders, not by men of other orders.'

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.133

यावतो ग्रसते) ग्रासान् हव्यकव्येष्व् अमन्त्रवित् । तावतो ग्रसते) प्रेतो दीप्तशूलऋष्टिअयोगुडान् ॥

yāvato grasate) grāsān havya.kavyeṣv a.mantravit | tāvato grasate) preto dīptaśūla.ṛṣṭi.ayoguḍān ||

As many mouthfuls as an ignorant man swallows at a sacrifice to the gods or to the manes, so many red-hot spikes, spears, and iron balls must (the giver of the repast) swallow after death.

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Manu 3.134

ज्ञाननिष्ठा द्विजाः के चित् तपोनिष्ठास् तथा-अपरे । तपःस्वाध्यायनिष्ठाश् च कर्मनिष्ठास् तथा-अपरे ॥

jñānaniṣṭhā dvijāḥ ke cit taponiṣṭhās tathā-apare | tapaḥ.svādhyāyaniṣṭhāś ca karmaniṣṭhās tathā-apare ||

Some grJ,hma;zas are devoted to (the pursuit of) knowledge, and others to (the performance... of) austerities; some to austerities and to the recitation of the Veda, and others to (the performance of) sacred rites.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.135

ज्ञाननिष्ठेषु कव्यानि प्रतिष्ठाप्यानि यत्नतः । हव्यानि तु यथान्यायं सर्वेष्व् एव चतुर्ष्व् अपि ॥

jñānaniṣṭheṣu kavyāni pratiṣṭhāpyāni yatnataḥ | havyāni tu yathānyāyaṃ sarveṣv eva caturṣv api ||

Oblations to the manes ought to be carefully presented to those devoted to knowledge, but offerings to the gods, in accordance with the reason (of the sacred law), to (men of) all the four (abovementioned classes).

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Manu 3.136

अश्रोत्रियः पिता यस्य पुत्रः स्याद् वेदपारगः । अश्रोत्रियो वा पुत्रः स्यात् पिता स्याद्) वेदपारगः ॥

aśrotriyaḥ pitā yasya putraḥ syād vedapāragaḥ | aśrotriyo vā putraḥ syāt pitā syād) vedapāragaḥ ||

If there is a father ignorant of the sacred texts whose son has learned one whole recension of the Veda and the Angas, and a son ignorant of the sacred texts whose father knows an entire recension of the Veda and the Arigas,

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Manu 3.137

ज्यायांसम् अनयोर् विद्याद्) यस्य स्यात्)-श्रोत्रियः पिता । मन्त्रसंपूजनार्थं तु सत्कारम् इतरो ऽअर्हति) ॥

jyāyāṃsam anayor vidyād) yasya syāt)-śrotriyaḥ pitā | mantrasaṃpūjanārthaṃ tu satkāram itaro 'arhati) ||

Know that he whose father knows the Veda, is the more venerable one (of the two); yet the other one is worthy of honour, because respect is due to the Veda (which he has learned).

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.138

न श्राद्धे भोजयेन्) मित्रं धनैः कार्यो) ऽअस्य संग्रहः । नारिं न मित्रं यं विद्यात्) तं श्राद्धे भोजयेद्) द्विजम् ॥

na śrāddhe bhojayen) mitraṃ dhanaiḥ kāryo) 'asya saṃgrahaḥ | nāriṃ na mitraṃ yaṃ vidyāt) taṃ śrāddhe bhojayed) dvijam ||

Let him not entertain a personal friend at a funeral sacrifice; he may gain his affection by (other) valuable gifts; let him feed at a 6raddha a Brāhmaṇa whom he considers neither as a foe nor as a friend.. He who performs funeral sacrifices and offerings to the gods chiefly for the sake of (gaining) friends, reaps after death no reward for 6raddhas and sacrifices.

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Manu 3.139

यस्य मित्रप्रधानानि श्राद्धानि च हवींषि च । तस्य प्रेत्य फलं न-अस्ति) श्राद्धेषु च हविःषु च ॥

yasya mitra.pradhānāni śrāddhāni ca havīṃṣi ca | tasya pretya phalaṃ na-asti) śrāddheṣu ca haviḥṣu ca ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.140

यः संगतानि कुरुते) मोहात्- श्राद्धेन मानवः । स स्वर्गाच् च्यवते) लोकात्-श्राद्धमित्रो द्विजाधमः ॥

yaḥ saṃgatāni kurute) mohāt- śrāddhena mānavaḥ | sa svargāc cyavate) lokāt-śrāddha.mitro dvijādhamaḥ ||

That meanest among twice-born men who in his folly contracts friendships through a funeral sacrifice, loses heaven, because he performed a •SYaddha for the sake of friendship.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.141

संभोजानि सा-अभिहिता) पैशाची दक्षिणा द्विजैः । इह-एव-आस्ते) तु सा लोके गौर् अन्धा-इव-एकवेश्मनि ॥

saṃbhojāni sā-abhihitā) paiśācī dakṣiṇā dvijaiḥ | iha-eva-āste) tu sā loke gaur andhā-iva-ekaveśmani ||

A gift (of food) by twice-born men, consumed with (friends and relatives), is said to be offered to the Pisa^as; it remains in this (world) alone like a blind cow in one stable.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.142

यथा-इरिणे बीजम् उप्त्वा) न वप्ता लभते) फलम् । तथा-अनृचे हविर् दत्त्वा न दाता लभते) फलम् ॥

yathā-iriṇe bījam uptvā) na vaptā labhate) phalam | tathā-an.ṛce havir dattvā na dātā labhate) phalam ||

As a husbandman reaps no harvest when he has sown the seed in barren soil, even so the giver of sacrificial food gains no reward if he presented it to a man unacquainted with the Rikas.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.143

दात्क़्न् प्रतिग्रहीत्क़्ंश् च कुरुते) फलभागिनः । विदुषे दक्षिणां दत्त्वा) विधिवत् प्रेत्य च-इह च ॥

dātqn pratigrahītqṃś ca kurute) phalabhāginaḥ | viduṣe dakṣiṇāṃ dattvā) vidhivat pretya ca-iha ca ||

But a present made in accordance with the rules to a learned man, makes the giver and the 138-148.

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Manu 3.144

कामं श्राद्धे ऽअर्चयेन्) मित्रं न-अभिरूपम् अपि त्व् अरिम् ॥ द्विषता हि हविर् भुक्तं भवति) प्रेत्य निष्फलम् ॥

kāmaṃ śrāddhe 'arcayen) mitraṃ na-abhirūpam api tv arim || dviṣatā hi havir bhuktaṃ bhavati) pretya niṣ.phalam ||

(If no learned Brāhmaṇa be at hand), he may rather honour a (virtuous) friend than an enemy, though the latter may be qualified (by learning and so forth); for sacrificial food, eaten by a foe, bears no reward after death.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.145

यत्नेन भोजयेत्)- श्राद्धे बह्वृचं वेदपारगम् । शाखान्तगम् अथ-अध्वर्युं छन्दोगं तु समाप्तिकम् ॥

yatnena bhojayet)- śrāddhe bahvṛcaṃ vedapāragam | śākhāntagam atha-adhvaryuṃ chandogaṃ tu samāptikam ||

Let him (take) pains (to) feed at a Śraddha an adherent of the J^tg-veda, who has studied one entire (recension of that) Veda, or a follower of the Yajur-veda who has finished one 6akha, or a singer of Samans who (likewise) has completed (the study of an entire recension).

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Manu 3.146

एषाम् अन्यतमो यस्य भुञ्जीत) श्राद्धम् अर्चितः । पित्क़्णां तस्य तृप्तिः स्यात्)-शाश्वती साप्तपौरुषी ॥

eṣām anyatamo yasya bhuñjīta) śrāddham arcitaḥ | pitqṇāṃ tasya tṛptiḥ syāt)-śāśvatī sāptapauruṣī ||

If one of these three dines, duly honoured, at a funeral sacrifice, the ancestors of him (who gives the feast), as far as the seventh person, will be satisfied for a very long time.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.147

एष वै प्रथमः कल्पः प्रदाने हव्यकव्ययोः । अनुकल्पस् त्व् अयं ज्ञेयः) सदा सद्भिर् अनुष्ठितः) ॥

eṣa vai prathamaḥ kalpaḥ pradāne havya.kavyayoḥ | anukalpas tv ayaṃ jñeyaḥ) sadā sadbhir anuṣṭhitaḥ) ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.148

मातामहं मातुलं च स्वस्रीयं श्वशुरं गुरुम् । दौहित्रं विट्पतिं बन्धुम् ऋत्विग् याज्यौ च भोजयेत्) ॥

mātāmahaṃ mātulaṃ ca svasrīyaṃ śvaśuraṃ gurum | dauhitraṃ viṭpatiṃ bandhum ṛtvig yājyau ca bhojayet) ||

One may also entertain (on such occasions) one's maternal grandfather, a maternal uncle, a sister's son, a father-in-law, one's teacher, a daughter's son, a daughter's husband, a cognate kinsman, one's own officiating priest or a man for whom one offers sacrifices.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.149

न ब्राह्मणं परीक्षेत) दैवे कर्मणि धर्मवित् । पित्र्ये कर्मणि तु प्राप्ते परीक्षेत) प्रयत्नतः ॥

na brāhmaṇaṃ parīkṣeta) daive karmaṇi dharmavit | pitrye karmaṇi tu prāpte parīkṣeta) prayatnataḥ ||

For a rite sacred to the gods, he who knows the law will not make (too close) inquiries regarding an (invited) Brāhmaṇa; but when one performs a

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Manu 3.150

ये स्तेनपतितक्लीबा ये च नास्तिकवृत्तयः । तान् हव्यकव्ययोर् विप्रान् अनर्हान् मनुर् अब्रवीत्) ॥

ye stena.patita.klībā ye ca nāstikavṛttayaḥ | tān havya.kavyayor viprān anarhān manur abravīt) ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.151

जटिलं च-अनधीयानं दुर्बालं कितवं तथा । याजयन्ति) च ये पूगांस् तांश् च श्राद्धे न भोजयेत्) ॥

jaṭilaṃ ca-anadhīyānaṃ durbālaṃ kitavaṃ tathā | yājayanti) ca ye pūgāṃs tāṃś ca śrāddhe na bhojayet) ||

Let him not entertain at a Śraddha one who wears his hair in braids (a student), one who has not studied (the Veda), one afflicted with a skin-disease, a gambler, nor those who sacrifice for a multitude (of sacrificers).

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.152

चिकित्सकान् देवलकान् मांसविक्रयिणस् तथा ।[म्चिकित्सकादेवलकामांसविक्रयिणस् तथा] विपणेन च जीवन्तो वर्ज्याः) स्युर्) हव्यकव्ययोः ॥

cikitsakān devalakān māṃsavikrayiṇas tathā |[M.cikitsakādevalakāmāṃsavikrayiṇas tathā] vipaṇena ca jīvanto varjyāḥ) syur) havya.kavyayoḥ ||

Physicians, temple-priests, sellers of meat, and those who subsist -by shop-keeping must be avoided at sacrifices offered to the gods and to the manes.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.153

प्रेष्यो ग्रामस्य राज्ञश् च कुनखी श्यावदन्तकः । प्रतिरोद्धा गुरोश् च-एव त्यक्तअग्निर् वार्धुषिस् तथा ॥

preṣyo grāmasya rājñaś ca kunakhī śyāvadantakaḥ | pratiroddhā guroś ca-eva tyakta.agnir vārdhuṣis tathā ||

A paid servant of a village or of a king, a man with deformed nails or black teeth, one who opposes his teacher, one who has forsaken the sacred fire, and a usurer;

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.154

यक्ष्मी च पशुपालश् च परिवेत्ता निराकृतिः । ब्रह्मद्विष्- परिवित्तिश् च गणाभ्यन्तर एव च ॥

yakṣmī ca paśupālaś ca parivettā nirākṛtiḥ | brahmadviṣ- parivittiś ca gaṇābhyantara eva ca ||

One suffering from consumption, one who subsists by tending cattle, a younger brother who 150-182.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.155

कुशीलवो ऽअवकीर्णी च वृषलीपतिर् एव च । पौनर्भवश् च काणश् च यस्य च-उपपतिर् गृहे ॥

kuśīlavo 'avakīrṇī ca vṛṣalīpatir eva ca | paunarbhavaś ca kāṇaś ca yasya ca-upapatir gṛhe ||

An actor or singer, one who has broken the vow of studentship, one whose (only or first) wife is a.5udra female, the son of a remarried woman, a one-eyed man, and he in whose house a paramour of his wife (resides);

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.156

भृतकाध्यापको यश् च भृतकाध्यापितस् तथा । शूद्रशिष्यो गुरुश् च-एव वाग्दुष्टः कुण्डगोलकौ ॥

bhṛtakādhyāpako yaś ca bhṛtakādhyāpitas tathā | śūdra.śiṣyo guruś ca-eva vāgduṣṭaḥ kuṇḍa.golakau ||

He who teaches for a stipulated fee and he who is taught on that condition, he who instructs Śudra pupils and he whose teacher is a Śudra, he who speaks rudely, the son of an adulteress, and the son of a widow,

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.157

अकारणे परित्यक्ता मातापित्रोर् गुरोस् तथा । [क्:अकारणपरित्यक्ता ] ब्राह्मैर् यौनैश् च संबन्धैः संयोगं पतितैर् गतः ॥

akāraṇe parityaktā mātā.pitror guros tathā | [K:akāraṇaparityaktā ] brāhmair yaunaiś ca saṃbandhaiḥ saṃyogaṃ patitair gataḥ ||

He who forsakes his mother, his father, or a teacher without a (sufficient) reason, he who has

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.158

अगारदाही गरदः कुण्डाशी सोमविक्रयी । समुद्रयायी बन्दी च तैलिकः कूटकारकः ॥

agāradāhī garadaḥ kuṇḍāśī somavikrayī | samudrayāyī bandī ca tailikaḥ kūṭakārakaḥ ||

An incendiary, a prisoner, he who eats the food given by the son of an adulteress, a seller of Soma, he who undertakes voyages by sea, a bard, an oil-man, a suborner to perjury,

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.159

पित्रा विवदमानश् च कितवो मद्यपस् तथा । पापरोग्य् अभिशस्तश् च दाम्भिको रसविक्रयी ॥

pitrā vivadamānaś ca kitavo madyapas tathā | pāparogy abhiśastaś ca dāmbhiko rasavikrayī ||

He who wrangles or goes to law with his father, the keeper of a gambling-house, a drunkard, he who is afflicted with a disease (in punishment of former) crimes, he who is accused of a mortal sin, a hypocrite, a seller of substances used for flavouring food,

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.160

धनुःशराणां कर्ता च यश् च-अग्रेदिधिषूपतिः । मित्रध्रुग् द्यूतवृत्तिश् च पुत्रआचार्यस् तथा-एव च ॥

dhanuḥ.śarāṇāṃ kartā ca yaś ca-agredidhiṣūpatiḥ | mitradhrug dyūta.vṛttiś ca putra.ācāryas tathā-eva ca ||

A maker of bows and of arrows, he who lasciviously dallies with a brothers widow, the betrayer of a friend, one who subsists by gambling, he who learns (the Veda) from his son,

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.161

भ्रामरी गन्डमाली च श्वित्र्य् अथो पिशुनस् तथा । उन्मत्तो ऽअन्धश् च वर्ज्याः स्युर्) वेदनिन्दक एव च ॥

bhrāmarī ganḍamālī ca śvitry atho piśunas tathā | unmatto 'andhaś ca varjyāḥ syur) vedanindaka eva ca ||

An epileptic man, one who suffers from scrofulous swellings of the glands, one afflicted with white leprosy, an informer, a madman, a blind man, and he who cavils at the Veda must (all) be avoided.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.162

हस्तिगो।ऽअश्वौष्ट्रदमको नक्षत्रैर् यश् च जीवति) । पक्षिणां पोषको यश् च युद्धाचार्यस् तथा-एव च ॥

hasti.go.'aśva.uṣṭradamako nakṣatrair yaś ca jīvati) | pakṣiṇāṃ poṣako yaś ca yuddhācāryas tathā-eva ca ||

A trainer of elephants, oxen, horses, or camels, he who subsists by astrology, a bird-fancier, and he who teaches the use of arms,

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.163

स्रोतसां भेदको यश् च तेषां च-आवरणे रतः) । गृहसंवेशको दूतो वृक्षारोपक एव च ॥

srotasāṃ bhedako yaś ca teṣāṃ ca-āvaraṇe rataḥ) | gṛhasaṃveśako dūto vṛkṣāropaka eva ca ||

He who diverts water-courses, and he who delights in obstructing them, an architect, a messenger, and he who plants trees (for money),

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.164

श्वक्रीडी श्येनजीवी च कन्यादूषक एव च । हिंस्रो वृषलवृत्तिश् च गणानां च-एव याजकः ॥

śvakrīḍī śyenajīvī ca kanyādūṣaka eva ca | hiṃsro vṛṣala.vṛttiś ca gaṇānāṃ ca-eva yājakaḥ ||

A breeder of sporting-dogs, a falconer, one who defiles maidens, he who delights in injuring living creatures, he who gains his subsistence from Śūdras, and he who offers sacrifices to the Ga^as,

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.165

आचारहीनः क्लीबश् च नित्यं याचनकस् तथा । कृषिजीवी श्लीपदी च सद्भिर् निन्दित) एव च ॥

ācāra.hīnaḥ klībaś ca nityaṃ yācanakas tathā | kṛṣijīvī ślīpadī ca sadbhir nindita) eva ca ||

He who does not follow the rule of conduct, a (man destitute of energy like a) eunuch, one who constantly asks (for favours), he who lives by agriirregular compound consisting of agredidhishupati and didhishupati, see

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.166

औरभ्रिको माहिषिकः परपूर्वापतिस् तथा । प्रेतनिर्यापकश् च-एव वर्जनीयाः) प्रयत्नतः ॥

aurabhriko māhiṣikaḥ parapūrvāpatis tathā | pretaniryāpakaś ca-eva varjanīyāḥ) prayatnataḥ ||

A shepherd, a keeper of buffaloes, the husband of a remarried woman, and a carrier of dead bodies, (all these) must be carefully avoided.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.167

एतान् विगर्हितआचारान् अपाङ्क्तेयान् द्विजाधमान् । द्विजातिप्रवरो विद्वान् उभयत्र विवर्जयेत्) ॥

etān vigarhita.ācārān apāṅkteyān dvijādhamān | dvijātipravaro vidvān ubhayatra vivarjayet) ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.168

ब्राह्मणो त्व् अनधीयानस् तृणाग्निर् इव शाम्यति) । [म्ब्राह्मणस् ह्य् अनधीयानस् ] तस्मै हव्यं न दातव्यं) न हि भस्मनि हूयते) ॥

brāhmaṇo tv an.adhīyānas tṛṇāgnir iva śāmyati) | [M.brāhmaṇas hy an.adhīyānas ] tasmai havyaṃ na dātavyaṃ) na hi bhasmani hūyate) ||

As a fire of dry grass is (unable to consume the offerings and is quickly) extinguished, even so (is it with) an unlearned Brāhmaṇa; sacrificial food must not be given to him, since it (would be) offered in ashes.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.169

अपाङ्क्तदाने यो दातुर् भवत्य्) ऊर्ध्वं फलौदयः । [मपङ्क्त्यदाने] दैवे हविषि पित्र्ये वा तं प्रवक्स्याम्य्) अशेषतः ॥ [म्दैवे कर्मणि]

apāṅktadāne yo dātur bhavaty) ūrdhvaṃ phala.udayaḥ | [M.apaṅktyadāne] daive haviṣi pitrye vā taṃ pravaksyāmy) aśeṣataḥ || [M.daive karmaṇi]

I will fully declare what result the giver obtains after death, if he gives food, destined for the gods or manes, to a man who is unworthy to sit in the company.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.170

अव्रतैर् यद् द्विजैर् भुक्तं) परिवेतृआदिभिस् तथा । अपाङ्क्तेयैर् यद् अन्यैश् च तद् वै रक्षांसि भुञ्जते) ॥

a.vratair yad dvijair bhuktaṃ) parivetṛ.ādibhis tathā | apāṅkteyair yad anyaiś ca tad vai rakṣāṃsi bhuñjate) ||

The Rakshasas, indeed, consume (the food) eaten by Brāhmaṇas who have not fulfilled the vow of studentship, by a Parivettrz and so forth, and by other men not admissible into the company.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.171

दाराग्निहोत्रसंयोगं कुरुते) यो ऽअग्रजे स्थिते । परिवेत्ता स विज्ञेयः) परिवित्तिस् तु पूर्वजः ॥

dārāgnihotrasaṃyogaṃ kurute) yo 'agraje sthite | parivettā sa vijñeyaḥ) parivittis tu pūrvajaḥ ||

He must be considered as a Pari vettrz who

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.172

परिवित्तिः परिवेत्ता यया च परिविद्यते) । सर्वे ते नरकं यान्ति) दातृयाजकपञ्चमाः ॥

parivittiḥ parivettā yayā ca parividyate) | sarve te narakaṃ yānti) dātṛyājaka.pañcamāḥ ||

The elder brother who marries after the younger, the younger brother who marries before the elder, the female with whom such a marriage is contracted, he who gives her away, and the sacrificing priest, as the fifth, all fall into hell.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.173

भ्रातुर् मृतस्य भार्यायां यो ऽअनुरज्येत) कामतः । धर्मेण-अपि नियुक्तायां) स ज्ञेयो) दिधिषूपतिः ॥

bhrātur mṛtasya bhāryāyāṃ yo 'anurajyeta) kāmataḥ | dharmeṇa-api niyuktāyāṃ) sa jñeyo) didhiṣūpatiḥ ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.174

परदारेषु जायेते) द्वौ सुतौ कुण्डगोलकौ । पत्यौ जीवति) कुण्डः स्यान्) मृते भर्तरि गोलकः ॥

paradāreṣu jāyete) dvau sutau kuṇḍa.golakau | patyau jīvati) kuṇḍaḥ syān) mṛte bhartari golakaḥ ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.175

तौ तु जातौ) परक्षेत्रे प्राणिनौ प्रेत्य च-इह च । [म्ते तु जाताः परक्षेत्रे प्राणिनः] दत्तानि हव्यकव्यानि नाशयन्ति) प्रदायिनाम् ॥

tau tu jātau) parakṣetre prāṇinau pretya ca-iha ca | [M.te tu jātāḥ parakṣetre prāṇinaḥ] dattāni havya.kavyāni nāśayanti) pradāyinām ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.176

अपाङ्क्त्यो यावतः पङ्क्त्यान् भुञ्जानान्) अनुपश्यति) । [मपङ्क्त्यो यावतः] तावतां न फलं तत्र दाता प्राप्नोति) बालिशः ॥

apāṅktyo yāvataḥ paṅktyān bhuñjānān) anupaśyati) | [M.a.paṅktyo yāvataḥ] tāvatāṃ na phalaṃ tatra dātā prāpnoti) bāliśaḥ ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.177

वीक्ष्य)-अन्धो नवतेः काणः षष्टेः श्वित्री शतस्य तु । [म्शतस्य च ] पापरोगी सहस्रस्य दातुर् नाशयते) फलम् ॥

vīkṣya)-andho navateḥ kāṇaḥ ṣaṣṭeḥ śvitrī śatasya tu | [M.śatasya ca ] pāparogī sahasrasya dātur nāśayate) phalam ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.178

यावतः संस्पृशेद्) अङ्गैर् ब्राह्मणान्-शूद्रयाजकः ।

yāvataḥ saṃspṛśed) aṅgair brāhmaṇān-śūdrayājakaḥ |

Paurtikam, ' due for such a non-sacrificial gift/ i.e. 'for one

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.179

वेदविद्-च-अपि विप्रो ऽअस्य लोभात् कृत्वा) प्रतिग्रहम् । विनाशं व्रजति) क्षिप्रम् आमपात्रम् इव-अम्भसि ॥

vedavid-ca-api vipro 'asya lobhāt kṛtvā) pratigraham | vināśaṃ vrajati) kṣipram āmapātram iva-ambhasi ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.180

सोमविक्रयिणे विष्ठा भिषजे पूयशोणितम् । नष्टं देवलके दत्तम् अप्रतिष्ठं तु वार्धुषौ ॥

somavikrayiṇe viṣṭhā bhiṣaje pūya.śoṇitam | naṣṭaṃ devalake dattam a.pratiṣṭhaṃ tu vārdhuṣau ||

(Food) given to a seller of Soma becomes ordure, (that given) to a physician pus and blood, but (that presented) to a temple-priest is lost, and (that given) to a usurer finds no place (in the world of the gods).

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.181

यत् तु वाणिजके दत्तं न-इह न-अमुत्र तद् भवेत्) । भस्मनि-इव हुतं द्रव्यं तथा पौनर्भवे द्विजे ॥

yat tu vāṇijake dattaṃ na-iha na-amutra tad bhavet) | bhasmani-iva hutaṃ dravyaṃ tathā paunarbhave dvije ||

What has been given to a Brahma//a who lives by trade that is not (useful) in this world and the next, and (a present) to a Brāhmaṇa born of a remarried woman (resembles) an oblation thrown into ashes.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.182

इतरेषु त्व् अपाङ्क्त्येषु यथाउद्दिष्टेष्व् असाधुषु । [ मेदो।ऽअसृङ्मांसमज्जाअस्थि वदन्त्य्) अन्नं मनीषिणः ॥

itareṣu tv apāṅktyeṣu yathā.uddiṣṭeṣv a.sādhuṣu | [ medo.'asṛṅ.māṃsa.majjā.asthi vadanty) annaṃ manīṣiṇaḥ ||

But the wise declare that the food which (is offered) to other unholy, inadmissible men, enumerated above, (is turned into) adipose secretions, blood, flesh, marrow, and bone.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.183

अपाङ्क्त्यौपहता पङ्क्तिः पाव्यते) यैर् द्विजोत्तमैः । [म्:अपंक्त्यौपहता पंक्तिः] तान् निबोधत) कार्त्स्न्येन द्विजाग्र्यान् पङ्क्तिपावनान् ॥

apāṅktya.upahatā paṅktiḥ pāvyate) yair dvijottamaiḥ | [M:a.paṃktya.upahatā paṃktiḥ] tān nibodhata) kārtsnyena dvijāgryān paṅktipāvanān ||

Now hear by what chief of twice-born men which is given outside the sacrificial enclosure*

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.184

अग्र्याः सर्वेषु वेदेषु सर्वप्रवचनेषु च । श्रोत्रियान्वयजाश् च-एव विज्ञेयाः) पङ्क्तिपावनाः ॥

agryāḥ sarveṣu vedeṣu sarvapravacaneṣu ca | śrotriyānvayajāś ca-eva vijñeyāḥ) paṅktipāvanāḥ ||

Those men must be considered as the sanctifiers of a company who are most learned in all the Vedas and in all the Angas, and who are the descendants of Śrotriyas.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.185

त्रिणाचिकेतः पञ्चअग्निस् त्रिसुपर्णः षडङ्गवित् । ब्रह्मदेयात्मसन्तानो ज्येष्ठसामग एव च ॥ [म्ब्रह्मदेयानुसन्तानो ]

triṇāciketaḥ pañca.agnis trisuparṇaḥ ṣaḍaṅgavit | brahmadeyātmasantāno jyeṣṭhasāmaga eva ca || [M.brahmadeyānusantāno ]

A Trma&keta, one who keeps five sacred fires, a Trisupama, one who. is versed in the six Angas, the son of a woman married according to the Brahma rite, one who sings the Gyesh/^asaman, &6. One who knows the meaning of the Veda, and he who expounds it, a student, one who has given a thousand (cows), and a centenarian must be considered as Brāhmaṇas who sanctify a company.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.186

वेदार्थवित् प्रवक्ता च ब्रह्मचारी सहस्रदः । शतायुश् च-एव विज्ञेया) ब्राह्मणाः पङ्क्तिपावनाः ॥

vedārtha.vit pravaktā ca brahmacārī sahasradaḥ | śatāyuś ca-eva vijñeyā) brāhmaṇāḥ paṅktipāvanāḥ ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.187

पूर्वेद्युर् अपरेद्युर् वा श्राद्धकर्मण्य् उपस्थिते) । निमन्त्रयेत) त्र्यवरान् सम्यग् विप्रान् यथाउदितान् ॥ [म्निमन्त्रयीत ]

pūrvedyur aparedyur vā śrāddhakarmaṇy upasthite) | nimantrayeta) try.avarān samyag viprān yathā.uditān || [M.nimantrayīta ]

On the day before the Śraddha-rite is performed, or on the day when it takes place, let him invite with due respect at least three Brāhmaṇas, such as have been mentioned above.

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Manu 3.188

निमन्त्रितो) द्विजः पित्र्ये नियतात्मा भवेत्) सदा । न च छन्दांस्य् अधीयीत) यस्य श्राद्धं च तद् भवेत्) ॥

nimantrito) dvijaḥ pitrye niyatātmā bhavet) sadā | na ca chandāṃsy adhīyīta) yasya śrāddhaṃ ca tad bhavet) ||

A Brāhmaṇa who has been invited to a (rite) in honour of the manes shall always control himself and not recite the Veda, and he who performs the Śraddha (must act in the same manner).

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Manu 3.189

निमन्त्रितान् हि पितर उपतिष्ठन्ति) तान् द्विजान् । वायुवत्-च-अनुगच्छन्ति) तथा-आसीनान् उपासते) ॥

nimantritān hi pitara upatiṣṭhanti) tān dvijān | vāyuvat-ca-anugacchanti) tathā-āsīnān upāsate) ||

For the manes attend the invited Brāhmaṇas, follow them (when they walk) like the wind, and sit near them when they are seated.

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Manu 3.190

केतितस् तु यथान्यायं हव्ये कव्ये द्विजोत्तमः । कथं चिद् अप्य् अतिक्रामन्) पापः सूकरतां व्रजेत्) ॥

ketitas tu yathānyāyaṃ havye kavye dvijottamaḥ | kathaṃ cid apy atikrāman) pāpaḥ sūkaratāṃ vrajet) ||

But a Brāhmaṇa who, being duly invited to a rite in honour of the gods or of the manes, in any way breaks (the appointment), becomes guilty (of a crime), and (in his next birth) a hog.

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Manu 3.191

आमन्त्रितस् तु यः श्राद्धे वृशल्या सह मोदते) । दातुर् यद् दुष्कृतं किं चित् तत् सर्वं प्रतिपद्यते) ॥

āmantritas tu yaḥ śrāddhe vṛśalyā saha modate) | dātur yad duṣkṛtaṃ kiṃ cit tat sarvaṃ pratipadyate) ||

But he who, being invited to a Śraddha, dallies with a 6iidra woman, takes upon himself all the sins which the giver (of the feast) committed.

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Manu 3.192

अक्रोधनाः शौचपराः सततं ब्रह्मचारिणः । न्यस्तशस्त्रा महाभागाः पितरः पूर्वदेवताः ॥

a.krodhanāḥ śauca.parāḥ satataṃ brahmacāriṇaḥ | nyasta.śastrā mahā.bhāgāḥ pitaraḥ pūrvadevatāḥ ||

The manes are primeval deities, freejfrom anger, careful of purity, ever chaste, averse from strife, and endowed with great virtues.

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Manu 3.193

यस्माद् उत्पत्तिर् एतेषां सर्वेषाम् अप्य् अशेषतः । ये च यैर् उपचर्याः स्युर्) नियमैस् तान् निबोधत) ॥

yasmād utpattir eteṣāṃ sarveṣām apy aśeṣataḥ | ye ca yair upacaryāḥ syur) niyamais tān nibodhata) ||

Now learn fully from whom all these (manes derive) their origin, and with what ceremonies they ought to be worshipped.

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Manu 3.194

मनोर् हैरण्यगर्भस्य ये मरीचिआदयः सुताः । तेषाम् ऋषीणां सर्वेषां पुत्राः पितृगणाः स्मृताः) ॥

manor hairaṇyagarbhasya ye marīci.ādayaḥ sutāḥ | teṣām ṛṣīṇāṃ sarveṣāṃ putrāḥ pitṛgaṇāḥ smṛtāḥ) ||

The (various) classes of the manes are declared to be the sons of all those sages, MarL£i and the rest, who are children of Manu, the son of Hira/zyagarbha.

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Manu 3.195

विराज्सुताः सोमसदः साध्यानां पितरः स्मृताः) । अग्निष्वात्ताश् च देवानां मारीचा लोकविश्रुताः ॥

virāj.sutāḥ somasadaḥ sādhyānāṃ pitaraḥ smṛtāḥ) | agniṣvāttāś ca devānāṃ mārīcā lokaviśrutāḥ ||

The Somasads, the sons of Vira^, are stated to be the manes of the Sadhyas, and the Agnish-

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Manu 3.196

दैत्यदानवयक्षाणां गन्धर्वौरगरक्षसाम् । सुपर्णकिन्नराणां च स्मृता) बर्हिषदो ऽअत्रिजाः ॥

daitya.dānava.yakṣāṇāṃ gandharva.uraga.rakṣasām | suparṇa.kinnarāṇāṃ ca smṛtā) barhiṣado 'atrijāḥ ||

The Barhishads, born of Atri, are recorded to be (the manes) of the Daityas, Danavas, Yakshas, Gandharvas, Snake-deities, Rakshasas, Suparṇas, and Kiwnaras,

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Manu 3.197

सोमपा नाम विप्राणां क्षत्रियाणां हविर्भुजः । वैश्यानाम् आज्यपा नाम शूद्राणां तु सुकालिनः ॥

somapā nāma viprāṇāṃ kṣatriyāṇāṃ havirbhujaḥ | vaiśyānām ājyapā nāma śūdrāṇāṃ tu sukālinaḥ ||

The Somapas those of theBrahma^as,theHavirbhu£*s those of the Kshatriyas, the Ājyapas those of the Vaiśyas, but the Sukalins those of the Śudras.

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Manu 3.198

सोमपास् तु कवेः पुत्रा हविष्मन्तो ऽअङ्गिरःसुताः । पुलस्त्यस्य-आज्यपाः पुत्रा वसिष्ठस्य सुकालिनः ॥

somapās tu kaveḥ putrā haviṣmanto 'aṅgiraḥsutāḥ | pulastyasya-ājyapāḥ putrā vasiṣṭhasya sukālinaḥ ||

The Somapas are the sons of Kavi (Bhrigu), the Havishmats the children of Angiras, the Ājyapas the offspring of Pulastya, but the Sukalins (the issue) of Vasish^a.

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Manu 3.199

अग्निदग्धअनग्निदग्धान् काव्यान् बर्हिषदस् तथा ।[मनग्निदग्धअनग्निदग्धान्] अग्निष्वात्तांश् च सौम्यांश् च विप्राणाम् एव निर्दिशेत्) ॥

agnidagdha.anagnidagdhān kāvyān barhiṣadas tathā |[M.an.agnidagdha.an.agnidagdhān] agniṣvāttāṃś ca saumyāṃś ca viprāṇām eva nirdiśet) ||

One should know that (other classes), the Agnidagdhas, the Anagnidagdhas, the Kavyas, the Barhishads, the Agnishvattas, and the Saumyas, are (the manes) of the Brāhmaṇas alone.

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Manu 3.200

य एते तु गणा मुख्याः पित्क़्णां परिकीर्तिताः) । तेषाम् अपि-इह विज्ञेयं) पुत्रपौत्रम् अनन्तकम् ॥

ya ete tu gaṇā mukhyāḥ pitqṇāṃ parikīrtitāḥ) | teṣām api-iha vijñeyaṃ) putra.pautram an.antakam ||

But know also that there exist in this (world) countless sons and grandsons of those chief classes of manes which have been enumerated.

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Manu 3.201

ऋषिभ्यः पितरो जाताः) पितृभ्यो देवमानवाः । देवेभ्यस् तु जगत् सर्वं चरं स्थाण्व् अनुपूर्वशः ॥

ṛṣibhyaḥ pitaro jātāḥ) pitṛbhyo deva.mānavāḥ | devebhyas tu jagat sarvaṃ caraṃ sthāṇv anupūrvaśaḥ ||

From the sages sprang the manes, from the manes the gods and the Danavas, but from the gods the whole world, both the movable and the immovable in due order. V 202. Even water offered with faith (to the manes)

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Manu 3.202

राजतैर् भाजनैर् एषाम् अथो वा रजतान्वितैः । वार्य् अपि श्रद्धया दत्तम् अक्षयाय-उपकल्पते) ॥

rājatair bhājanair eṣām atho vā rajatānvitaiḥ | vāry api śraddhayā dattam akṣayāya-upakalpate) ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.203

दैवकार्याद् द्विजातीनां पितृकार्यं विशिष्यते) । दैवं हि पितृकार्यस्य पूर्वम् आप्यायनं स्मृतम् ॥

daivakāryād dvijātīnāṃ pitṛkāryaṃ viśiṣyate) | daivaṃ hi pitṛkāryasya pūrvam āpyāyanaṃ smṛtam ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.204

तेषाम् आरक्षभूतं तु पूर्वं दैवं नियोजयेत्) । रक्सांसि विप्रलुम्पन्ति) श्राद्धम् आरक्षवर्जितम् ॥

teṣām ārakṣabhūtaṃ tu pūrvaṃ daivaṃ niyojayet) | raksāṃsi vipralumpanti) śrāddham ārakṣavarjitam ||

Let him first invite a (Brāhmaṇa) in honour of the gods as a protection for the (offering to the manes); for the Rakshasas destroy a funeral sacrifice which is left without such a protection.

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Manu 3.205

दैवआद्यन्तं तद् ईहेत) पितृआद्यन्तं न तद् भवेत्) । पितृआद्यन्तं त्व् ईहमानः) क्षिप्रं नश्यति) सअन्वयः ॥

daiva.ādyantaṃ tad īheta) pitṛ.ādyantaṃ na tad bhavet) | pitṛ.ādyantaṃ tv īhamānaḥ) kṣipraṃ naśyati) sa.anvayaḥ ||

Let him make (the,5raddha) begin and end with (a rite) in honour of the gods; it shall not begin and end with a (rite) to the manes; for he who makes it begin and end with a (rite) in honour of the manes, soon perishes together with his progeny. *

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Manu 3.206

शुचिं देशं विविक्तं च गोमयेन-उपलेपयेत्) । दक्षिनाप्रवणं च-एव प्रयत्नेन-उपपादयेत्) ॥

śuciṃ deśaṃ viviktaṃ ca gomayena-upalepayet) | dakṣinā.pravaṇaṃ ca-eva prayatnena-upapādayet) ||

Let him smear a pure and secluded place i with cowdung, and carefully make it sloping towards the south.

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Manu 3.207

अवकाशेषु चोक्षेषु जलतीरेषु च-एव हि । विविक्तेषु च तुष्यन्ति) दत्तेन पितरः सदा ॥

avakāśeṣu cokṣeṣu jalatīreṣu ca-eva hi | vivikteṣu ca tuṣyanti) dattena pitaraḥ sadā ||

The manes are always pleased with offerings made in open, naturally pure places, on the banks of rivers, and in secluded spots. means according to

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Manu 3.208

आसनेषु-उपकॢप्तेषु) बर्हिष्मत्सु पृथक्पृथक् । उपस्पृष्टौदकान् सम्यग् विप्रांस् तान् उपवेशयेत्) ॥

āsaneṣu-upakḷpteṣu) barhiṣmatsu pṛthak.pṛthak | upaspṛṣṭa.udakān samyag viprāṃs tān upaveśayet) ||

The (sacrificer) shall make the (invited) Brāhmaṇas, who have duly performed their ablutions, sit down on separate, prepared seats, on which blades of Kusa. grass have been placed.

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Manu 3.209

उपवेश्य) तु तान् विप्रान् आसनेष्व् अजुगुप्सितान् । गन्धमाल्यैः सुरभिभिर् अर्चयेद्) दैवपूर्वकम् ॥

upaveśya) tu tān viprān āsaneṣv ajugupsitān | gandha.mālyaiḥ surabhibhir arcayed) daivapūrvakam ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.210

तेषाम् उदकम् आनीय) सपवित्रांस् तिलान् अपि । अग्नौ कुर्याद्) अनुज्ञातो ब्राह्मणो ब्राह्मणैः सह ॥

teṣām udakam ānīya) sa.pavitrāṃs tilān api | agnau kuryād) anujñāto brāhmaṇo brāhmaṇaiḥ saha ||

Having presented to them water, sesamum grains, and blades of Kuśa grass, the Brāhmaṇa (sacrificer) shall offer (oblations) in the sacred fire, after having received permission (to do so) from (all) the Brāhmaṇa (guests) conjointly.

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Manu 3.211

अग्नेः सोमयमाभ्यां च कृत्वा)-आप्यायनम् आदितः । हविर्दानेन विधिवत् पश्चात् संतर्पयेत्) पित्क़्न् ॥

agneḥ soma.yamābhyāṃ ca kṛtvā)-āpyāyanam āditaḥ | havirdānena vidhivat paścāt saṃtarpayet) pitqn ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.212

अग्निअभावे तु विप्रस्य पाणाव् एव-उपपादयेत्) । यो ह्य् अग्निः स द्विजो विप्रैर् मन्त्रदर्शिभिर् उच्यते) ॥

agni.abhāve tu viprasya pāṇāv eva-upapādayet) | yo hy agniḥ sa dvijo viprair mantradarśibhir ucyate) ||

But if no (sacred) fire (is available), he shall place (the offerings) into the hand of a Brāhmaṇa; for Brāhmaṇas who know the sacred texts declare, What fire is, even such is a Brāhmaṇa.'

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Manu 3.213

अक्रोधनान् सुप्रसादान् वदन्त्य्) एतान् पुरातनान् । लोकस्य-आप्यायने युक्तान् श्राद्धदेवान् द्विजोत्तमान् ॥ [म्श्राद्धे देवान् द्विजोत्तमान्]

a.krodhanān su.prasādān vadanty) etān purātanān | lokasya-āpyāyane yuktān śrāddha.devān dvijottamān || [M.śrāddhe devān dvijottamān]

They (also) call those first of twice-born men the ancient deities of the funeral sacrifice, free from anger, easily pleased, employed in making men prosper.

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Manu 3.214

अपसव्यम् अग्नौ कृत्वा) सर्वम् आवृत्य विक्रमम् । [मावृत्परिक्रमम् ] अपसव्येन हस्तेन निर्वपेद्) उदकं भुवि ॥

apasavyam agnau kṛtvā) sarvam āvṛtya vikramam | [M.āvṛt.parikramam ] apasavyena hastena nirvaped) udakaṃ bhuvi ||

After he has performed (the oblations) in the fire, (and) the whole series of ceremonies in such a manner that they end in the south, let him sprinkle water with his right hand on the spot (where the cakes are to be placed).

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Manu 3.215

त्रींस् तु तस्माद्द् हविःशेषात् पिण्डान् कृत्वा) समाहितः । औदकेन-एव विधिना निर्वपेद्) दक्षिणामुखः ॥

trīṃs tu tasmādd haviḥśeṣāt piṇḍān kṛtvā) samāhitaḥ | audakena-eva vidhinā nirvaped) dakṣiṇā.mukhaḥ ||

But having made three cakes out of the remainder of that sacrificial food, he must, concentrating his mind and turning towards the south, place them on (Kara grass) exactly in the same manner in which (he poured out the libations of) water.

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Manu 3.216

न्युप्य) पिण्डांस् ततस् तांस् तु प्रयतो विधिपूर्वकम् । तेषु दर्भेषु तं हस्तं निर्मृज्यात्)-लेपभागिनाम् ॥

nyupya) piṇḍāṃs tatas tāṃs tu prayato vidhipūrvakam | teṣu darbheṣu taṃ hastaṃ nirmṛjyāt)-lepabhāginām ||

The three ancestors meant are the great-grandfather, his father and grandfather; seeVi. LXXIII,.

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Manu 3.217

आचम्य)-उदक्परावृत्य) त्रिर् आयम्य) शनैर् असून् । षड् ऋतूंश् च नमस्कुर्यात्) पित्क़्न् एव च मन्त्रवत् ॥

ācamya)-udakparāvṛtya) trir āyamya) śanair asūn | ṣaḍ ṛtūṃś ca namaskuryāt) pitqn eva ca mantravat ||

The texts to be pronounced are, 'Adoration to Spring!'&c, I n6

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Manu 3.218

उदकं निनयेत्)-शेषं शनैः पिण्डान्तिके पुनः । अवजिघ्रेच्) च तान् पिण्डान् यथान्युप्तान् समाहितः ॥

udakaṃ ninayet)-śeṣaṃ śanaiḥ piṇḍāntike punaḥ | avajighrec) ca tān piṇḍān yathānyuptān samāhitaḥ ||

Let him gently pour out the remainder of the water near the cakes, and, with fixed attention, smell those cakes, in the order in which they were placed (on the ground).

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.219

पिण्डेभ्यस् त्व् अल्पिकां मात्रां समादाय)-अनुपूर्वशः । [म्पिण्डेभ्यः स्वल्पिकां] तान् एव विप्रान् आसीनान् विधिवत् पूर्वम् आशयेत्) ॥

piṇḍebhyas tv alpikāṃ mātrāṃ samādāya)-anupūrvaśaḥ | [M.piṇḍebhyaḥ svalpikāṃ] tān eva viprān āsīnān vidhivat pūrvam āśayet) ||

But taking successively very small portions from the cakes, he shall make those seated Brāhmaṇas eat them, in accordance with the rule, before (their dinner).

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Manu 3.220

ध्रियमाणे) तु पितरि पूर्वेषाम् एव निर्वपेत्) । विप्रवद् वा-अपि तं श्राद्धे स्वकं पितरम् आशयेत्) ॥ [म्श्राद्धं ]

dhriyamāṇe) tu pitari pūrveṣām eva nirvapet) | vipravad vā-api taṃ śrāddhe svakaṃ pitaram āśayet) || [M.śrāddhaṃ ]

But if the (sacrificer s) father is living, he must offer (the cakes) to three remoter (ancestors); or he may also feed his father at the funeral sacrifice as (one of the) Brāhmaṇa (guests).

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Manu 3.221

पिता यस्य निवृत्तः स्याज्) जीवेच्) च-अपि पितामहः । [म्पिता यस्य तु वृत्तः स्याज्] पितुः स नाम सङ्कीर्त्य) कीर्तयेत्) प्रपितामहम् ॥

pitā yasya nivṛttaḥ syāj) jīvec) ca-api pitāmahaḥ | [M.pitā yasya tu vṛttaḥ syāj] pituḥ sa nāma saṅkīrtya) kīrtayet) prapitāmaham ||

But he whose father is dead, while his grandfather lives, shall, after pronouncing his father's name, mention (that of) his great-grandfather.

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Manu 3.222

पितामहो वा तत्श्राद्धं भुञ्जीत)-इत्य् अब्रवीन्) मनुः । कामं वा समनुज्ञातः स्वयम् एव समाचरेत्) ॥

pitāmaho vā tat.śrāddhaṃ bhuñjīta)-ity abravīn) manuḥ | kāmaṃ vā samanujñātaḥ svayam eva samācaret) ||

Manu has declared that either the grandfather may eat at that 6Yaddha (as a guest), or (the and afterwards, ' Adoration to you, oh manes! ' &c. Before he recites the latter texts, the worshipper must turn round towards the south.

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Manu 3.223

तेषां दत्त्वा) तु हस्तेषु सपवित्रं तिलौदकम् । तत्पिण्डाग्रं प्रयच्छेत स्वधा-एषाम् अस्त्व्) इति ब्रुवन्) ॥ [म्प्रयच्छेत् तु ]

teṣāṃ dattvā) tu hasteṣu sa.pavitraṃ tila.udakam | tatpiṇḍāgraṃ prayaccheta svadhā-eṣām astv) iti bruvan) || [M.prayacchet tu ]

Having poured water mixed with sesamum, in which a blade of Kusa. grass has been placed, into the hands of the (guests), he shall give (to each) that (above-mentioned) portion of the cake, saying, To those, Svadha! '

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Manu 3.224

पाणिभ्यां तु-उपसंगृह्य) स्वयम् अन्नस्य वर्धितम् ।[म्वर्द्धितम्] विप्रान्तिके पित्क़्न् ध्यायन्) शनकैर् उपनिक्षिपेत्) ॥

pāṇibhyāṃ tu-upasaṃgṛhya) svayam annasya vardhitam |[M.varddhitam] viprāntike pitqn dhyāyan) śanakair upanikṣipet) ||

But carrying (the vessel) filled with food with both hands, the (sacrificer) himself shall gently place it before the Brāhmaṇas, meditating on the manes.

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Manu 3.225

उभयोर् हस्तयोर् मुक्तं यद् अन्नम् उपनीयते) । तद् विप्रलुम्पन्त्य्) असुराः सहसा दुष्टचेतसः ॥

ubhayor hastayor muktaṃ yad annam upanīyate) | tad vipralumpanty) asurāḥ sahasā duṣṭa.cetasaḥ ||

The malevolent Asuras forcibly snatch away that food which is brought without being held with both hands.

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Manu 3.226

गुणांश् च सूपशाकाद्यान् पयो दधि घृतं मधु । विन्यसेत्) प्रयतः पूर्वं भूमाव् एव समाहितः ॥

guṇāṃś ca sūpa.śākādyān payo dadhi ghṛtaṃ madhu | vinyaset) prayataḥ pūrvaṃ bhūmāv eva samāhitaḥ ||

Let him, being pure and attentive, carefully place on the ground the seasoning (for the rice), such as broths and pot herbs, sweet and sour milk, and honey,

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Manu 3.227

भक्ष्यं भोज्यं च विविधं मूलानि च फलानि च । हृद्यानि च-एव मांसानि पानानि सुरभीणि च ॥

bhakṣyaṃ bhojyaṃ ca vividhaṃ mūlāni ca phalāni ca | hṛdyāni ca-eva māṃsāni pānāni su.rabhīṇi ca ||

(As well as) various (kinds of) hard food which require mastication, and of soft food, roots, fruits, savoury meat, and fragrant drinks.

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Manu 3.228

उपनीय) तु तत् सर्वं शनकैः सुसमाहितः । परिवेषयेत) प्रयतो गुणान् सर्वान् प्रचोदयन्) ॥

upanīya) tu tat sarvaṃ śanakaiḥ susamāhitaḥ | pariveṣayeta) prayato guṇān sarvān pracodayan) ||

All this he shall present (to his guests), and, being pure and attentive, successively invite them to partake of each (dish), proclaiming its qualities. ^

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Manu 3.229

न-अस्रम् आपातयेज्) जातु न कुप्येन्) न-अनृतं वदेत्) । न पादेन स्पृशेद्) अन्नं न च-एतद् अवधूनयेत्) ॥

na-asram āpātayej) jātu na kupyen) na-anṛtaṃ vadet) | na pādena spṛśed) annaṃ na ca-etad avadhūnayet) ||

Let him on no account drop a tear, become angry or utter an untruth, nor let him touch the j\\ food with his foot nor violently shake it. \))D^T

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Manu 3.230

अस्रं गमयति) प्रेतान् कोपो ऽअरीन् अनृतं शुनः । पादस्पर्शस् तु रक्षांसि दुष्कृतीन् अवधूननम् ॥

asraṃ gamayati) pretān kopo 'arīn anṛtaṃ śunaḥ | pādasparśas tu rakṣāṃsi duṣkṛtīn avadhūnanam ||

A tear sends the (food) to the Pretas, anger to his enemies, a falsehood to the dogs, contact with his foot to the Rakshasas, a shaking to the sinners.

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Manu 3.231

यद् यद् रोचेत) विप्रेभ्यस् तत् तद् दद्याद्) अमत्सरः । ब्रह्मोद्याश् च कथाः कुर्यात्) पित्क़्णाम् एतद् ईप्सितम् ॥

yad yad roceta) viprebhyas tat tad dadyād) a.matsaraḥ | brahmodyāś ca kathāḥ kuryāt) pitqṇām etad īpsitam ||

Whatever may please the Brāhmaṇas, let him give without grudging it; let him give riddles from the Veda, for that is agreeable to the manes.

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Manu 3.232

स्वाध्यायं श्रावयेत्) पित्र्ये धर्मशास्त्राणि च-एव हि । आख्यानानि-इतिहासांश् च पुराणानि खिलानि च ॥

svādhyāyaṃ śrāvayet) pitrye dharmaśāstrāṇi ca-eva hi | ākhyānāni-itihāsāṃś ca purāṇāni khilāni ca ||

At a (sacrifice in honour) of the manes, he must let (his guests) hear the Veda, the Institutes of the sacred law, legends, tales, Pura^as, and Khilas.

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Manu 3.233

हर्षयेद्) ब्राह्मणांस् तुष्टो भोजयेच्) च शनैःशनैः । अन्नाद्येन-असकृच् च-एतान् गुणैश् च परिचोदयेत्) ॥

harṣayed) brāhmaṇāṃs tuṣṭo bhojayec) ca śanaiḥ.śanaiḥ | annādyena-asakṛc ca-etān guṇaiś ca paricodayet) ||

Himself being delighted, let him give delight to the Brahma;zas, cause them to partake gradually and slowly (of each dish), and repeatedly invite (them to eat) by (offering) the food and (praising) its qualities.

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Manu 3.234

व्रतस्थम् अपि दौहित्रं श्राद्धे यत्नेन भोजयेत्) । कुतपं चआसनं दद्यात्) तिलैश् च विकिरेन्) महीम् ॥

vratastham api dauhitraṃ śrāddhe yatnena bhojayet) | kutapaṃ ca.āsanaṃ dadyāt) tilaiś ca vikiren) mahīm ||

Let him eagerly entertain at a funeral sacrifice a daughter's son, though he be a student, and let him place a Nepal blanket on the seat (of each guest), scattering sesamum grains on. the ground.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.235

त्रीणि श्राद्धे पवित्राणि दौहित्रः कुतपस् तिलाः । त्रीणि च-अत्र प्रशंसन्ति) शौचम् अक्रोधम् अत्वराम् ॥

trīṇi śrāddhe pavitrāṇi dauhitraḥ kutapas tilāḥ | trīṇi ca-atra praśaṃsanti) śaucam a.krodham a.tvarām ||

There are three means of sanctification, (to be used) at a 6raddha, a daughter's son, a Nepal blanket, and sesamum grains; and they recommend three (other things) for it, cleanliness, suppression of anger, and absence of haste.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.236

अत्युष्णं सर्वम् अन्नं स्याद्) भुञ्जीरंस्) ते च वाग्यताः । न च द्विजातयो ब्रूयुर्) दात्रा पृष्टा) हविर्गुणान् ॥

atyuṣṇaṃ sarvam annaṃ syād) bhuñjīraṃs) te ca vāgyatāḥ | na ca dvijātayo brūyur) dātrā pṛṣṭā) havirguṇān ||

All the food must be very hot, and the (guests) shall eat in silence; (even though) asked by the giver (of the feast), the Brāhmaṇas shall not proclaim the qualities of the sacrificial food.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.237

यावद् उष्मा भवत्य्) अन्नं यावद् अश्नन्ति) वाग्यताः । पितरस् तावद् अश्नन्ति) यावत्-न-उक्ता हविर्गुणाः ॥

yāvad uṣmā bhavaty) annaṃ yāvad aśnanti) vāgyatāḥ | pitaras tāvad aśnanti) yāvat-na-uktā havirguṇāḥ ||

As long as the food remains warm, as long as they eat in silence, as long as the qualities of the food are not proclaimed, so long the manes partake (of it).

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.238

यद् वेष्टितशिरा भुङ्क्ते) यद् भुङ्क्ते) दक्षिणामुखः । सौपानत्कश् च यद् भुङ्क्ते) तद् वै रक्षांसि भुञ्जते) ॥

yad veṣṭita.śirā bhuṅkte) yad bhuṅkte) dakṣiṇā.mukhaḥ | sa.upānatkaś ca yad bhuṅkte) tad vai rakṣāṃsi bhuñjate) ||

What (a guest) eats, covering his head, what he eats with his face turned towards the south, what he eats with sandals on (his feet), that the Rakshasas consume.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.

Manu 3.239

चाण्डालश् च वराहश् च कुक्कुटः श्वा तथा-एव च । रजस्वला च षण्ढश् च न-ईक्षेरन्न्) अश्नतो द्विजान् ॥

cāṇḍālaś ca varāhaś ca kukkuṭaḥ śvā tathā-eva ca | rajasvalā ca ṣaṇḍhaś ca na-īkṣerann) aśnato dvijān ||

Sanskrit only: no published translation is held for this verse.

Manu 3.240

होमे प्रदाने भोज्ये च यद् एभिर् अभिवीक्ष्यते) । दैवे हविषि पित्र्ये वा तद् गच्छत्य्) अयथातथम् ॥

home pradāne bhojye ca yad ebhir abhivīkṣyate) | daive haviṣi pitrye vā tad gacchaty) ayathātatham ||

What (any of) these sees at a burnt-oblation, at a (solemn) gift, at a dinner (given to Brāhmaṇas), or at any rite in honour of the gods and manes, that produces not the intended result.

Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.