He who habitually salutes and constantly pays reverence to the aged obtains an increase of four (things), (viz.) length of life, knowledge, fame, (and) strength.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
नामधेयस्य ये के चिद् अभिवादं न जानते) । तान् प्राज्ञो ऽअहम् इति ब्रूयात्) स्त्रियः सर्वास् तथा-एव च ॥
nāmadheyasya ye ke cid abhivādaṃ na jānate) | tān prājño 'aham iti brūyāt) striyaḥ sarvās tathā-eva ca ||
To those (persons) who, when a name is pronounced, do not understand (the meaning of) the salutation, a wise man should say, ' It is I;' and (he should address) in the same manner all women.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
bhoḥśabdaṃ kīrtayed) ante svasya nāmno 'abhivādane | nāmnām svarūpa.bhāvo hi bho.bhāva ṛṣibhiḥ smṛtaḥ) ||
In saluting he should pronounce after his name the word bho/£; for the sages have declared that the nature of bho/£ is the same as that of (all proper) names.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
परपत्नी तु या स्त्री स्याद्) असंबन्धा च योनितः । तां ब्रूयाद्) भवति-इत्य् एवं सुभगे भगिनि-इति च ॥
parapatnī tu yā strī syād) a.saṃbandhā ca yonitaḥ | tāṃ brūyād) bhavati-ity evaṃ subhage bhagini-iti ca ||
But to a female who is the wife of another man, and not a blood-relation, he must say, ' Lady' (bhavati) or ' Beloved sister! '. To his maternal and paternal uncles, fathersin-law, officiating priests, (and other) venerable persons, he must say, ' I am N. N.,' and rise (to meet them), even though they be younger (than himself).
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
A maternal aunt, the wife of a maternal uncle, a mother-in-law, and a paternal aunt must be honoured like the wife of one's teacher; they are equal to the wife of one's teacher.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
bhrātur bhāryā-upasaṃgrāhyā) sa.varṇā-ahany ahany api | viproṣya) tu-upasaṃgrāhyā) jñāti.saṃbandhi.yoṣitaḥ ||
(The feet of the) wife of one's brother, if she be of the same caste (varṇa), must be clasped every day; but (the feet of) wives of (other) paternal and maternal relatives need only be embraced on one's return from a journey.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
पितुर् भगिन्यां मातुश् च ज्यायस्यां च स्वसर्य् अपि । मातृवद् वृत्तिम् आतिष्ठेन्) माता ताभ्यो गरीयसी ॥
pitur bhaginyāṃ mātuś ca jyāyasyāṃ ca svasary api | mātṛvad vṛttim ātiṣṭhen) mātā tābhyo garīyasī ||
Towards a sister of one's father and of one's mother, and towards one's own elder sister, one must behave as towards one's mother; (but) the mother is more venerable than they.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
brāhmaṇaṃ daśavarṣaṃ tu śatavarṣaṃ tu bhūmipam | pitā.putrau vijānīyād) brāhmaṇas tu tayoḥ pitā ||
Know that a Brāhmaṇa of ten years and Kshatriya of a hundred years stand to each other in the relation of father and son; but between those two the Brāhmaṇa is the father.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
vittaṃ bandhur vayaḥ karma vidyā bhavati) pañcamī | etāni mānyasthānāni garīyo yad yad uttaram || [M.mānasthānāni ]
Wealth, kindred, age, (the due performance of) rites, and, fifthly, sacred learning are titles to respect; but each laternamed (cause) is more weighty (than the preceding ones).
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
पञ्चानां त्रिषु वर्णेषु भूयांसि गुणवन्ति च । यत्र स्युः) सो ऽअत्र मानअर्हः शूद्रो ऽअपि दशमीं गतः ॥
pañcānāṃ triṣu varṇeṣu bhūyāṃsi guṇavanti ca | yatra syuḥ) so 'atra māna.arhaḥ śūdro 'api daśamīṃ gataḥ ||
Whatever man of the three (highest) castes possesses most of those five, both in number and degree, that man is worthy of honour among them; and (so is) also a 6udra who has entered the tenth (decade of his life).
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
चक्रिणो दशमीस्थस्य रोगिणो भारिणः स्त्रियाः । स्नातकस्य च राज्ञश् च पन्था देयो वरस्य च ॥
cakriṇo daśamīsthasya rogiṇo bhāriṇaḥ striyāḥ | snātakasya ca rājñaś ca panthā deyo varasya ca ||
Way must be made for a man in a carriage, for one who is above ninety years old, for one diseased, for the carrier of a burden, for a woman, for a Snataka, for the king, and for a bridegroom.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
Among all those, if they meet (at one time), a Snataka and the king must be (most) honoured; and equals may address each other with the words bho^, bhavat, or vayasya, ' friend.' The explanation of the verse, which is substantially the same " in all the commentaries, is based on Gaut/s passage, while Haradatta's interpretation of
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
That Brāhmaṇa, who performs in accordance with the rules (of the Veda) the rites, the Garbhadhana (conception -rite), and so forth, and gives food (to the child), is called the Guru (the venerable one).
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
He who, being (duly) chosen (for the purpose), performs the Agnyadheya, the Pakaya^as, (and) the (6rauta) sacrifices, such as the Agnish- /oma (for another man), is called (his) officiating priest.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
Young Kavi, the son of Ahgiras, taught his (relatives who were old enough to be) fathers, and, as he excelled them in (sacred) knowledge, he called them ' Little sons/
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
न हायनैर् न पलितैर् न वित्तेन न बन्धुभिः । ऋषयश् चक्रिरे) धर्मं यो ऽअनूचानः स नो महान् ॥
na hāyanair na palitair na vittena na bandhubhiḥ | ṛṣayaś cakrire) dharmaṃ yo 'anūcānaḥ sa no mahān ||
Neither through years, nor through white (hairs), nor through wealth, nor through (powerful) kinsmen (comes greatness). The sages have made this law, ' He who has learnt the Veda together with the Angas (AnMana) is (considered) great by us.'
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
viprāṇāṃ jñānato jyaiṣṭhyaṃ kṣatriyāṇāṃ tu vīryataḥ | vaiśyānāṃ dhānyadhanataḥ śūdrāṇām eva janmataḥ ||
The seniority of Brāhmaṇas is from (sacred) knowledge, that of Kshatriyas from valour, that of Vaisyas from wealth in grain (and other goods), but that of Śūdras alone from age.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
न तेन वृद्धो भवति) येनास्य पलितं शिरः । यो वै युवा-अप्य् अधीयानस्) तं देवाः स्थविरं विदुः) ॥
na tena vṛddho bhavati) yenāsya palitaṃ śiraḥ | yo vai yuvā-apy adhīyānas) taṃ devāḥ sthaviraṃ viduḥ) ||
A man is not therefore (considered) venerable because his head is gray; him who, though young, has learned the Veda, the gods consider to be venerable.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
As a eunuch is unproductive with women, as a cow with a cow is unprolific, and as a gift made to an ignorant man yields no reward, even so is a Brāhmaṇa useless, who (does) not (know) the Rik&s.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
Created beings must be instructed in (what concerns) their welfare without giving them pain, and sweet and gentle speech must be used by (a teacher) who desires (to abide by) the sacred law.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
na-aruṃtudaḥ syād) ārto 'api na paradroha.karma.dhīḥ | yayā-asya-udvijate) vācā na-alokyāṃ tām udīrayet) ||
Let him not, even though in pain, (speak words) cutting (others) to the quick; let him not injure others in thought or deed; let him not utter speeches which make (others) afraid of him, since that will prevent him from gaining heaven.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
sukhaṃ hy avamataḥ śete) sukhaṃ ca pratibudhyate) || sukhaṃ carati) loke 'asminn avamantā vinaśyati) ||
For he who is scorned (nevertheless may) sleep with an easy mind, awake with an easy mind, and with an easy mind walk here among men; but the scorner utterly perishes.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
A twice-born man who has been sanctified by the (employment of) the means, (described above) in due order, shall gradually and cumulatively perform the various austerities prescribed for (those who) study the Veda.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
An Aryan must study the whole Veda together with the Rahasyas, performing at the same time various kinds of austerities and the vows prescribed by the rules (of the Veda).
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
न-अभिव्याहारयेद्) ब्रह्म स्वधानिनयनाद् ऋते । शूद्रेण हि समस् तावद् यावद् वेदे न जायते) ॥
na-abhivyāhārayed) brahma svadhāninayanād ṛte | śūdreṇa hi samas tāvad yāvad vede na jāyate) ||
(He who has not been initiated) should not pronounce (any) Vedic text excepting (those required for) the performance of funeral rites, since he is on a level with a Śudra before his birth from the Veda.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
The (student) who has been initiated must be instructed in the performance of the vows, and gradually learn the Veda, observing the prescribed rules.. Whatever dress of skin, sacred thread, girdle, staff, and lower garment are prescribed for a (student at the initiation), the like (must again be used) at the (performance of the) vows.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
Let him abstain from honey, meat, perfumes, garlands, substances (used for) flavouring (food), women, all substances turned acid, and from doing injury to living creatures,
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
Or, if there are no (virtuous men of the kind) mentioned above, he may go to each (house in the) village, being pure and remaining silent; but let him avoid AbhLsastas (those accused of mortal sin).
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
Having brought sacred fuel from a distance, let him place it anywhere but on the ground, and let him, unwearied, make with it burnt oblations to the sacred fire, both evening and morning.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
He who, without being sick, neglects during seven (successive) days to go out begging, and to offer fuel in the sacred fire, shall perform the penance of an Avakirmn (one who has broken his vow).
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
He who performs the vow (of studentship) shall constantly subsist on alms, (but) not eat the food of one (person only); the subsistence of a student on begged food is declared to be equal (in merit) to fasting.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
चोदितो) गुरुणा नित्यम् अप्रचोदित) एव वा । कुर्याद्) अध्ययने यत्नम् आचार्यस्य हितेषु च ॥ [मध्ययने योगम्]
codito) guruṇā nityam a.pracodita) eva vā | kuryād) adhyayane yatnam ācāryasya hiteṣu ca || [M.adhyayane yogam]
Both when ordered by his teacher, and without a (special) command, (a student) shall always exert himself in studying (the Veda), and in doing what is serviceable to his teacher.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
Let him always keep his right arm uncovered, behave decently and keep his body well covered, and when he is addressed (with the words), ' Be seated/ he shall sit down, facing his teacher.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
āsīnasya) sthitaḥ kuryād) abhigacchaṃs) tu tiṣṭhataḥ) | pratyudgamya) tv āvrajataḥ) paścād dhāvaṃs) tu dhāvataḥ) ||
Let him do (that), standing up, if (his teacher) is seated, advancing towards him when he stands, going to meet him if he advances, and running after him when he runs;
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
Going (round) to face (the teacher), if his face is averted, approaching him if he stands at a distance, but bending towards him if he lies on a bed, and if he stands in a lower place.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
न-उदाहरेद्) अस्य नाम परोक्षम् अपि केवलम् । न च-एव-अस्यअनुकुर्वीत) गतिभाषितचेष्टितम् ॥
na-udāhared) asya nāma parokṣam api kevalam | na ca-eva-asya.anukurvīta) gati.bhāṣita.ceṣṭitam ||
Let him not pronounce the mere name of his teacher (without adding an honorific title) behind his back even, and let him not mimic his gait, speech, and deportment.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
Towards his betters let him always behave as towards his teacher, likewise towards sons of his teacher, born by wives of equal caste, and towards the teacher's relatives both on the side of the father and of the mother.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
The son of the teacher who imparts instruction (in his father's stead), whether younger or of equal age, or a student of (the science of) sacrifices (or of other Angas), deserves the same honour as the teacher.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
If the sun should rise or set while he is sleeping, be it (that he offended) intentionally or unintentionally, he shall fast during the (next) day, muttering (the Savitri).
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
Purified by sipping water, he shall daily worship during both twilights with a concentrated mind in a pure place, muttering the prescribed text according to the rule.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
If a woman or a man of low caste perform anything (leading to) happiness, let him diligently practise it, as well as (any other permitted act) in which his heart finds pleasure. jol. 224. (Some declare that) the chief good consists in (the acquisition of) spiritual merit and wealth, (others place it) in (the gratification of) desire and (the acquisition of) wealth, (others) in (the acqui1 others/
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
आचार्यश् च पिता च-एव माता भ्राता च पूर्वजः । न-आर्तेन-अप्य् अवमन्तव्या) ब्राह्मणेन विशेषतः ॥
ācāryaś ca pitā ca-eva mātā bhrātā ca pūrvajaḥ | na-ārtena-apy avamantavyā) brāhmaṇena viśeṣataḥ ||
The teacher, the father, the mother, and an elder brother must not be treated with disrespect, especially by a Brāhmaṇa, though one be grievously offended (by them).
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
आचार्यो ब्रह्मणो मूर्तिः पिता मूर्तिः प्रजापतेः । माता पृथिव्या मूर्तिस् तु भ्राता स्वो मूर्तिर् आत्मनः ॥
ācāryo brahmaṇo mūrtiḥ pitā mūrtiḥ prajāpateḥ | mātā pṛthivyā mūrtis tu bhrātā svo mūrtir ātmanaḥ ||
The teacher is the image of Brahman, the father the image of Prajāpati (the lord of created beings), the mother the image of the earth, and an (elder) full brother the image of oneself.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
tayor nityaṃ priyaṃ kuryād) ācāryasya ca sarvadā | teṣv eva triṣu tuṣṭeṣu tapaḥ sarvaṃ samāpyate) ||
Let him always do what is agreeable to those (two) and always (what may please) his teacher; when those three are pleased, he obtains all (those rewards which) austerities (yield).
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
He who neglects not those three, (even after he has become) a householder, will conquer the three worlds and, radiant in body like a god, he will enjoy bliss in heaven.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
yāvat trayas te jīveyus) tāvat- na-anyaṃ samācaret) | teṣv eva nityaṃ śuśrūṣāṃ kuryāt) priyahite rataḥ ||
As long as those three live, so long let him not (independently) perform any other (meritorious acts); let him always serve them, rejoicing (to do what is) agreeable and beneficial (to them).
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
By (honouring) these three all that ought to be done by man, is accomplished; that is clearly the highest duty, every other (act) is a subordinate duty.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.
viṣād apy amṛtaṃ grāhyaṃ) bālād api subhāṣitam | amitrād api sadvṛttam amedhyād api kāñcanam ||
Even from poison nectar may be taken, even from a child good advice, even from a foe (a lesson in) good conduct, and even from an impure (substance) gold.
Translated by Georg BühlerFrom an unproofread scan of the printed edition; spelling and line breaks may carry OCR errors.